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chapter 5 essentials

QuestionAnswer
peripheral nervous system neurons outside the central nervous system
afferent (sensory) division nerves that link sensory receptors with the CNS.
efferent, or motor, division nerves that link the CNS to the effectors outside the CNS
somatic nervous system nerves that act to keep the body in balance with its external environment by transmitting impulses between the CNS and the skeletal muscles and skin
autonomic nervous system connects the CNS to the glands, heart, and smooth muscles to maintain the internal body environment connects the CNS to the glands, heart, and smooth muscles to maintain the internal body environment
sympathetic nervous system functions when the body is under stress, producing fight-or-flight responses
parasympathetic nervous system functions under normal body conditions and is the energy conservation and restorative system, associated with what commonly is called the relaxation response.
nerve group of peripheral nerve fibers, or axons, wrapped together
cranial nerves 12 pairs - originate from the olfactory bulbs, thalamus, visual cortex, and brainstem
spinal nerves 31 pairs - originate in the spinal cord and emerge from the vertebral column.
Mixed nerves make sensation and movement possible
plexus network of intertwining nerves that innervates a particular region of the body
four nerve plexuses cervical plexus, brachial plexus, lumbar plexus, sacral plexus.
dermatome is a cutaneous (skin) section supplied by a single spinal nerve
myotome skeletal muscle or group of muscles that receives motor axons from a given spinal nerve
Mechanical receptors sensory receptors that detect changes in pressure, movement, or temperature or other mechanical forces
thermal receptors sensory receptors that detect changes in temperature
Nociceptors sensory receptors that detect painful stimuli
Propriceptors sensory receptors that provide the body with information about position, movement, muscle tension, joint activity, and equilibrium
involuntary action reflex in the physiological or functional unit of nerve function
stretch reflex results when stretching of a muscle elicits a protective contraction of that same muscle
4 BASIC SENSES taste, smell, hearing, vision
Created by: zoobrat
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