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chapter 1
populations and communities
Question | Answer |
---|---|
organism | a living thing |
habitat | an environment that provides the things an organism needs to live, grow, and reproduce |
biotic factors | a living part of an organisms habitat |
abiotic factors | a nonliving part of an organism's habitat |
photosynthesis | the process in which organisms use water along with sunlight and carbon dioxide to make their food |
species | a group of organisms that are physically similar and can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce |
population | all the members of one species in a particular area |
community | all the different populations that live together in an area |
ecosystem | the community of organisms that live in a particular area, along with their nonliving surrounding |
ecology | the study of how living things interact with each other and with there environment |
estimate | an approximation of a number, based on reasonable assumptions |
birth rate | the number of births in a population in a certain amount of time |
death rate | the number of deaths in a population in a certain amount of time |
immigration | moving into population |
emigration | leaving a population |
population density | the number of individuals in an area of specific size |
limiting factor | an environmental factor that causes a population to decrease |
carrying capacity | the largest population that an area can support |
natural resource | anything in the environment that is used by people |
renewable resource | a resource that is either always available or is naturally replaced in a relatively short time |
niche | the role of an organism in its habitat, or how it makes its living |
competition | the struggle to between organisms to survive as they attempt to use the same limited resource |
predation | an interaction in which one organism kills another for food |
predator | the organism that does the killing |
prey | the organism that is killed |
symbiosis | a close relationship between two species that benefit at least one of the species |
mutualism | a relationship in which both species benefits |
commensalism | a relationship in which one species benefits and the other species is neither helped nor harmed |
parasitism | one organism living on or inside another and harming it |
parasite | the organism that benefits |
host | the organism it lives on or in |