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Chapter1
Populations and Communities
Question | Answer |
---|---|
organism | A living thing |
habitat | an environment that provides the things the organism needs to live, grow, and reproduce |
Biotic factors | the living parts of a habitat |
Abiotic factors | are the nonliving parts of an organism's habitat |
Photosynthesis | The process in which organisms use water along with sunlight and carbon dioxide to make their own food. |
Species | A group of organisms that are physically similar and can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce. |
Population | All the members of one species in a particular area. |
Community | All the different populations that live together in an area. |
Ecosystem | The community of organisms that live in a particular area along with their nonliving surroundings. |
Ecology | The study of how living things interact with each other and their environment. |
Estimate | An approximation of a number, based on reasonable assumptions. |
Birth rate | The number of births in a population in a certain amount of time. |
Death rate | The number of deaths in a population in a certain amount of time. |
Immigration | Moving into a population. |
Emigration | Leaving a population. |
Population density | The number of individuals in a specific area. |
Limiting factors | An environmental factor that causes a population to decrease. |
Carrying capacity | The largest population that an area can support. |
Nature selecton | A process by which characteristics that make an individual better suited to its environment become more common in a species. |
Adaptations | A behavior or physical characteristic that allows an organism to live successfully in its environment. |
Niche | The role of an organism in its habitat, or how it makes its living. |
Computition | The struggle between organisms to survive as they attempt to use the same limited resource. |
Predation | An interaction in which one organism kills another for food. |
Predator | The organism that does the killing in a predation interaction. |
Prey | An organism that is killed and eaten by another organism. |
Sumiusis | A close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species. |
Mutualism | A relationship between two species in which both species benefit. |
Commenalism | A relationship between two species in which one species benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed. |
Parasitism | A relationship in which one organism lives on or in a host and harms it. |
Parasite | The organism that benefits by living on or in a host in a parasitism interaction. |
Host | The organism that a parasite lives in or on in a parasitism interaction. |
Succesion | The series of predictable changes that occur in a community over time. |
Primary succesion | The series of changes that occur in an area where no soil or organisms exist. |
Pioneer species | The first species to populate an area. |
Secondary succesion | The series of changes that occur in an area where the ecosystem has been disturbed, but where soil and organisms still exist. |