NAPLEX REVIEW Word Scramble
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| Question | Answer |
| HIV threshold for therapy: | under 200cells/mm^3 OR if viral load above 100,000 copies/mL OR symptomatic |
| HIV HAART therapy, what it stands for: | highly active antiretroviral therapy: |
| HIV HAART therapy, what it is: | 2 Nukes and PI : : or 2 NUKES and non-Nuke |
| HIV resistance risk increased with: | nonadherence and mono or dual therapy |
| nuke metabolism (1 exception) | renal, abacavir hepatic: few drug interactions |
| nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors MOA: | causes chain termination, inhibiting HIV viral replication |
| nuke most common adverse side effect: | gastrointestinal: n/v/d |
| nrti BBW: | lactic acidosis and hepatic steatosis |
| abacavir: | NUKE: nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor: |
| didanosine | NUKE: nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor: |
| emtricitabine | NUKE: nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor: do not combine with lamivudine |
| lamivudine | NUKE: nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor: do not combine with emtricitabine |
| stavudine | NUKE: nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor: do not use with zidovudine |
| tenofovir | NUKE: nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor: nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor |
| zalcitabine | NUKE: nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor: |
| zidovudine | NUKE: nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor: do not use with stavudine |
| Trizivir: | abacavir, lamivudine, zodovudine |
| Combivir: | lamivudine, zodovudine |
| Truvada: | tenofovir, emtricitabine |
| Epzicom: | abacavir, lamivudine |
| Atriplia: | efavirenz, emtricitabine, tenofovir |
| NON-Nukes: (3) | nevirapine, delavirdine, efavirenz is preferred |
| NNRTI MOA: | bind directly to reverse transcriptase |
| NNRTI metabolism: | hepatic |
| nevirapine: MOA and metabolism | non-nuke inhibitor |
| efavirenz: MOA and metabolism | non-nuke induce/inhibit |
| delavirdine: MOA and metabolism | non-nuke inducer |
| non-NRTI class SE: | liver enzymes, rash, HA |
| efavirenz SE: | CNS symptoms and teratongenicity |
| protease inhibitor MOA: | inhibit viral protease, necessary to cleave newly produced viral parts into functional virions |
| PI metabolism | liver, 3A4 |
| PI drug interactions: | rifampin (3A4 inducer), simvastatin (3A4 substrate), lovastatin (3A4 substrate, oral contraceptives (3A4 substrate) |
| PI dose adjustments with: | NNRTI (3A4 inducer), atorvastatin (3A4 substrate), methadone (3A4 substrate), sildenafil (3A4 substrate), rifabutin (3A4 inducer), azole antifungals (3A4 inhibitor), phenytoin (3A4 inducer), clarithromycin (3A4 substrate) |
| ritonavir boosting: | 3A4 inhibitor: low doses used to enhance the concentrations of PIs: give at same time |
| PI class SE: | n/v/d, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, fat re |
| amprenavir | PI |
| atazanavir | PI |
| tripanavir | PI |
| fosamprenavir | PI |
| indinavir | PI |
| lopinavir/ritonavir | PI |
| nelfinavir | PI |
| ritonavir | PI |
| saquinavir hard | PI |
| saquinavir soft | PI |
| dorunavir | PI |
| fusion inhibitor: | enfuvirtide |
| fusion inhibitor MOA: | inhibits attachment to CD4 cells |
| fusion inhibitor dosage form: | dry powder for reconstitution SQ |
| fusion inhibitor adverse reactions: | enfuvirtide: local injection site reactions, pain, erythema, pneumonia, and hardening of tissue (induration) |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia treatment: | PCP: trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole |
| CMV retinitis treatment (4) | ganciclovir, valganciclovir, foscarnet (for resistant), cidofovir |
| mycobacterium avium complex treatment: | ethambutol AND (clarithromycin or azithromycin) +- FQ for serious disease |
| cryptococcus neoformans meningitis treatment: | amphotericin B +- flucytosine with fluconazole for maintenance therapy |
Created by:
vitasoy