Med/Surg I Word Scramble

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Question	Answer
Epistaxis	nose bleed. Position patient upright, leaning forward. Apply direct lateral pressure to the nose for 5 mins & ice or cool compresses to nose if possible. Nasal packing may be needed. To prevent rebleeding, instruct not to blow nose for several hours.
Normal RBC range	4.2-6.1 million/mm
Normal Hemoglobin range	12-18 g/dl
Normal Hematocrit range	37%-52% g/dl
Normal WBC Range	5,000-10,000 /mm
PCO2	35-45 mm Hg
HCO3	21-28 mEq/L
Obstuctive sleep apnea	breathing disruption lasts atleast 10 sec and occurs min of 5 x per hr. S/S-daytime sleepiness, inability to concentrate, change sleep positons TX-CPAP, change in sleep pos, weightloss, sur- adeniodectomy, uvulectomy, uvulopalatopharynoplasty Study-(PSG
COPD	Charac: Bronchospasms, dysphnea. Tissue damage is not reversible & increases in severity eventually leading to respiratory failure.
Asthma	1. Inflammation in mucous membrane-allergens, irritants. 2. Hyperresponsviness occurs w exercise, uri, unknown. S/S-cough, chest tightness, cyanosis, hypoexmia. Lab-ABG, ^ eosinophil
Pulmonary function test (PFT)	Most accurate test for asthma. These tests evaluate lung volumes and capacities. Goal: Improve airflow. Test peak flow twice a day. Green=peak; Yellow=peak-50 (use rescue drugs) Red=below 50 (rescue drugs & emergency...serious res problem)
Bronchodilator	increase smooth muscle relaxation. NO affect on inflammation. Short acting-Venalin, zopinx Long acting-longer than short bc time is needed for drugs to build up.
Methylaxanthines	Lot of side effects; Hypertension, seizures. Drug levels need to be monitored.
Anti-inflammation Asthma drugs	Corticosteriods=use daily for severe asthma. NOT for rescue. Nsaids=preventive-reduce airway inflammation. Leukotriene=oral preventive-singular. Immundulators=prevent allergens for binding.
Status asthmaticus	Severe, airway obstruction that intensifies once begins & often doesnt respond to common therapy. If not reversed=cardiac arrest TX- Iv fluids, potent systemics, bronchodilators, steriods, epinephrine and oxygen.
Emphysema	loss of lung elasticity & hyperinflation of the lungs. S/S-dysphea & need for increase resp rate.
Rhinitis	inflammation of nasal mucosa. "allergies" TX-antihistamines, decongestants, antibiotics, anti pyretics, Vit C & zinc.
Sinuitis	Inflammation of mucous membrane. S/S-Sore throat, HA, fever. TX-Antibiotics, decongestants, hot showers and steam. Poss surgery-Endoscopic sinus
Pharyngitis	Inflammation of mucous membrane of pharynx.
Tonsillitis	Inflammation of tonsils. Penicellin 7-10days. Contagious. S/S-sore throat, fever, chills, ear pain, HA, thickened voice, tonsils swollen & red w pus.
Whats a complication of tonsilitis?	Peritosillar abcess=puss behind the tonsils.
Laryngitis	Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the larynx. S/S-Hoarseness, dry cough, aphonia (voice loss) TX-relief & prevention
Post op care following sinus surgery	Semi-fowlers position, perform gentle oral hygiene, ice compresses for 24 hrs, teach changing of mustache dressing, recommend to sleep upright in a chair, no coughing, blowing nose or straining for 2 weeks, temp for first week aft surgery. over 100 report
Thoracentesis	aspiration of pleural fluid or air from the pleural space: Patient preparation for stinging sensation & feeling of pressure Correct position-sitting up bend over a table, with nurse in front. Motionless patient Follow-up assessment for complicat
Lung Biopsy	Follow-up care: Assess vital signs and breath sounds at least every 4 hr for 24 hr Assess for respiratory distress Report reduced or absent breath sounds immediately Monitor for hemoptysis
CHRONIC AIRFLOW LIMITATION	Includes the chronic lung diseases: Asthma Chronic bronchitis Pulmonary emphysema Drug: Warfarin Calcium channel blockers Endothelin-receptor antagonists Natural and synthetic prostacyclin agents Digoxin & diuretics Oxygen therapy
SARCOIDOSIS	Granulomatous disorder of unknown cause that affects the lungs most often Autoimmune responses in which the normally protective T-lymphocytes increase and damage lung tissue Corticosteroids are the main type of therapy

Created by: hardin0918