chemfinalah Word Scramble

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Question	Answer
scientist believe they know the average global temperature over the last 160,000 years. which property of the ice core samples from antarctica provides the information	the carbon dioxide cocentration
which atmospheric component does not contribute to global warming	N2
what international agreement attempted to reduce greenhouse gas emissions	kyoto protocol
carbon dioxide is the primary compound discussed with respect to global warming, of the common atmospheric components the global warming potential (GWP) of a carbon dioxide molecule is very low. which statement best explains pair of facts	co2 exists in relativley high concentration
scientist have correlated average global temperature with atmospheric carbon dioxide levels for the last 160,000 years using cores from antarctica. how is the carbon dioxide level determined	by measuring the Co2 concentration in trapped gases in the ice layers
where is most of the carbon on earth stoked	in the form of fossil fuels and carbonate minerals and rocks
the industrial revolution is a key point in the earths atmospheric history	prior to that time deposits of petroleum and coal were not being used as energy sources
which occurrences or processess are expected to reduce the level of atmospheric carbon	decaying plants and animal,the growth of trees
carbon cycle refers to	movement of carbon through living organisms, the atmosphere, the sea, and the earth
characteristics pertain to the problem of global warming	possible consequences include altered climate and increased sea level,increased skin cancer incidence and damage to radiation sensitive species has been observed
identify the single most effective strategy to reduce carbon dioxide emissions	develop alternate energy sources that do not rely on fossil fuels
what country has the highest per capita emission of carbon dioxide	united states
what practices might be described as carbon sequestration	pumping carbon dioxide deep into ocean,increasing combustion of fossil fuels
process plays the most important role in the greenhouse effect	energy from the sun is absorbed by the atmosphere
what explanation accounts for the fact that on average cloudy nights are warmer than clear nights	clouds are composed of water vapor and H2O is a strong greenhouse gas
the greenhouse effect refers to the process by which	greenhouse gases absorb ultraviolet radiation from the sun, warming the molecules
chloroflurocarbons rise to the strosphere and	after intereacting with uv energy, become free radicals which destroy ozone
one isotope for a particular element is distinguished from another by the number of	neutrons
free radicals are	species with unpaired electrons
frequency is	number of waves passing a fixed point in one second
what electron accounts for many of the chemical and physical properties	outermost
single bonds, double bonds, and triple bonds	have 2,4,6, shared electrons
light behaves like	wave and a particle
HFCs may be used to replace CFCs, which coupound is a HFC	CH2F2
the wavelength of light in the xray region of the electromagnetic spectrum is	about the size of a bacterial cell and virus
when one pair os shared electrons is involved in a covalent bond, the linkage is called	single bond
the atomic number is	number off protons in a nucleus
the periodicity of the properties of elements is cheifly due to the	___
elements iin the same colum of the periodic table have what in common	valence electrons
isotopes of an element have the same number of	protons, but different numbers of neutrons
speed of light in air	does not depend on wavelength or frequency
wavelength	distance between successive peaks of waves in the electromagnetic spectrum
structure of ozone most closely resembles a	bent molecule with the same length of chemical bonds
O2 and O3 molecules are	allotropes
which color in the rainbow has the shortest wavelength	blue
what forms by cmonining an oxygen atom with an oxygen molecule	ozone
what is the most energetic of the three forms of Uv light	UV-C
what is the unit for concentration of ).00004%	pph
choose the name of the compund formed by combining potassium (K) with iodine (I)	potassium iodide
what is the compound formed by combining carbon with oxygen	carbon dioxide
green chemistry is	the design of products and processes that reduce hazardous substances
pure substance	an element of a compound
compound	element of a compound made up of two or more
mixture	physical combinations of two or more substances present in variable amounts
if representative element "X" reacts with representative element "P" the result is	XP
what process does not involve a chemical change	bioling water
matter	anything that has mass and occupies space
elements consist of 3 categories	metals, non metals, transition
metals	elements that are shiny and conduct electricity and heat
nonmetals	elements that cannot be cast into shapes have varied apperances and do not conduct well
metaloids	8 elements sometimes called sentimetals, B,SI,GE,AS,SB,TE,Po,At
noble gases	group 8a.elements that are inert and do not readily undergo chemical reactions.
atoms	what all matter is composed of super small particles smallest unit of an element that can exist as a stable, independent entity
molecule	fixed number of atoms held together by chemical bonds in certain spatial arrangement
electrons	neg charge and is on the outer shell
protons	positive charge
neutrons	no charge
where is the nucleus	center of atom
combustion	rapid combustion of oxygen with a substance
chemical reaction	process wherby substances describes as reactants are transformed into different substances called products
law of conservation of mass and matter	mass is neither created nor destroyed in new substance.
cataylyst	chemical substance that participates in a chemical reaction and influences its speed with undergoing permanent change
allotropes	two or more forms of the same element that differ in their chemical structure and therefore in their properties
atomic number	number of protons in an atom of that element. example: H contains 1 proton,=atomic mass of 1
covalent bonds	a chemical nond in which two electons are shared by the atom involved
atoms	elements are made of
mono means	1
di or bi	2
tri	3
tetra	4
penta	5
hexa	6
hepta	7
octa	8
nona	9
deca	10
nitrogen monoxide chemical formula	NO
nitrogen dioxide	NO2
hydrocarbsons	compounds of hydrogen and carbon- and can have more than 4 carbon atoms,also called organic compound
single covalent bond	formed when only one pair of shared electrons forms the linkage bewteen atoms
octet rulei	fact that electron in many molecules are arranged so that every atom except hydrogen) shares 8 electrons
polyatomic molecule	consists of 3 or more atoms
triple bond	is a covalent linkage made up of 3 pairs of shared electrons, short, hard and strong to break.
% to ppm	4 decimal places to right
ppm to %	4 places to left
percent by mass or composition	figure each elements molar mass. massof element divided by mass of compound x 100%
avagadros #	= to 1 mole 6>02 X 10^23 of anything usually molecules to atoms
molecular weight=	how many moles
grams to moles you	divide, start with grams
moles to grams you	multiply start with moles
infared spectroscopy can determine unknow molecules	_
periodic properties	elements are sequenced in order of increasing atomic number, they have similar chemical propterits fall in the same columns
outer valence electrons	found in the highest energy level and help to account for many of the observed trends in chemical properties
lewis structure	representation of an atom or molecule that shows its outer electrons
halons	compunds in which BR and F atoms replace some or all of the clorine atoms
tetrahedron	four corneded figure with four equal triangular sides
wavenumber=	10,000 divided by wavelenght
diatomics gases	N2 and O2
quantized	electronic,vibrational,and rotational energy means only certain energy levels are permitted
anaerobic bacteria	those that can function without the use of molecular oxygen, produce methane
albedo	ration of electromagnetic radiation relflected relative to the amount of radiation incident on the surface:is a measure of relectivity of a surface
what subtomic particles surround the nucleus	electrons orbit in shells
what does the number of electron in an elements outermost orbital (compared with the toal number possible) determines	its chemical properties and reactivity

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