Stack #43186 Word Scramble

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Question	Answer
acetylcholine	Neurotransmitter chemical released at the ends of some nerve cells.
arachnoid membrane	Middle layer of the three membranes (meninges) that surround the brain and spinal cord.
astrocyte (transport water and salt from the capillaries.	A type of glial (neuroglial) cell; connective, supporting cell of the nervous system.
autonomic nervous system	Nerves that control involuntary body functions of the muscles, glands, and internal organs.
axon	Microscopic fiber that carries the nervous impulse along a nerve cell.
blood-brain barrier	Blood vessels (capillaries) that selectively let certain substances enter the brain tissue and keep other substances out.
brainstem	Lower portion of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord.
pons and medulla oblongata	Part of the brainstem.
cauda equina	Collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord.
cell body	Part of a nerve cell that contains the nucleus.
central nervous system (CNS)	Brain and the spinal cord.
cerebellum	Part of the brain that coordinates muscle movements and maintains balance.
cerebral cortex	Outer region of the cerebrum; containing sheets of nerve cells; gray matter of the brain.
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)	Fluid that circulates throughout the brain and spinal cord.
cerebrum	Largest part of the brain; responsible for voluntary muscular activity, vision, speech, taste, hearing, thought, and memory.
dendrite	Microscopic branching fiber of a nerve cell that is the first part to receive the nervous impulse.
dura mater	Thick, outermost layer of the meninges surrounding and protecting the brain and spinal cord.
ependymal cell	A cell that lines the fluid-filled sacs of the brain and spinal cord.
ganglion (plural; ganglia)	A collection of nerve cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system.
glial cells (neuroglia)	Cells of the nervous sytem that do not carry impulses but are supportive and connective in function.
gyrus (plural; gyri)	Sheets of nerve cells that produce elevation in the surface of the cerebral cortex; convolution.
hypothalamus	Portion of the brain beneath the thalamus; controls sleep, appetite, body temperature, and secreations from the pituitary gland.
medulla oblongata	The part of the brain just above the spinal cord; controls breathing , heartbeat, and the size of blood vessels; nerve fibers cross over here.
meninges	Three protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord.
microglial cell	One type of glial cell, It is a phagocyte.
motor nerves	Carry messages away from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and organs; efferent (ef=away) nerves.
myelin sheath	Fatty tissue that surrounds, protects, and insulates the axon of a nerve cell. These sheaths are white in color (white matter).
neuron	A nerve cell; carries impulses throughout the body. There are about 10 billion.
neurotransmitter	Chemical messenger, released at the end of a nerve cell. It stimulates or inhibits another cell, which can be a nerve cell, muscle cell, or gland cell. (Examples are acetylcholine, epinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin).
oligodendroglial cell	Glial cell that forms the myelin sheath covering axons.
nerve	Macroscopic structure consisting of axons and dendrites in bundles like strands of rope.
parasympathetic nerves	Involuntary, autonomic nerves that help regulate body functions like heart rate and respiration.
parenchyma	Essential, distinguishing cells of an organ. Neurons are the parenchymal tissue of the brain.
peripheral nervous system	Nerves outside the brain and spinal cord; cranial, spinal, and autonomic nerves.
pia mater	Thin, delicate inner membrane of the meninges.
plexus (plural; plexuses)	Large, interlacing network of nerves. Examples are lumbar-sacral and brachial (brachi/o means arm) plexuses.
pons	Part of the brain anterior to the cerebrum and between the medulla and rest of the brain. It is a bridge connecting various parts of the brain.
receptor	Organ that receives a nervous stimulation and passes it on to nerves within the body. The skin, ears, eyes, and taste buds are receptors.
sensory nerves	Carries messages to the brain and spinal cord from a receptor; afferent (af=toward) nerves.
stroma	Connective and supporting tissue of an organ. Glial cells are stromal tissue of the brain.
stimulus (plural; stimuli)	Change (light, sound, touch) in the internal or external environment that evokes a response.
sulcus (plural; sulci)	Depression or groove in the surface of the cerebral cortex; fissue.
sympathetic nerves	Autonomic nerves that influence body functions involuntarily in times of stress.
synapse	The space (juncture) through which a nervous impulse is transmitted from one neuron to another or from a neuron to another cell, such as muscle or gland cell.
thalamus	Main relay center of the brain. It conducts impulses between the spinal cord and the cerebrum; incoming sensory messages are relayed through the thalamus to appropiate centers in the cerebrum.
ventricles of the brain	Reservoirs (canals) in the interior of the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid.

Created by: dmmeadows