Goniometry Exam Word Scramble

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Question	Answer
Shoulder flexion norm	0 - 170 degrees
Shoulder extension norm	0 - 60 degrees
Shoulder Abduction norm	0 - 170 degrees
Shoulder Horizontal Abduction norm	0 - 40 degrees
Shoulder Horizontal Adduction Norm	0 - 130 degrees
Shoulder Internal rotation norm	0 - 70 degrees
Shoulder External rotation norm	0 -90 degrees
Elbow Flexion - Extension norm	0 - 135 - 150 degrees
Forearm pronation norm	0 - 80 - 90 degrees
Forearm supination norm	0 - 80 - 90 degrees
Wrist flexion norm	0 - 80 degrees
Wrist extension norm	0 - 70 degrees
Wrist radial deviation norm	0 - 20 degrees
Wrist ulnar deviation norm	0 - 30 degrees
Thumb IP Flexion norm	0 - 80 degrees
Thumb MP flexion norm	0 - 50 degrees
Thumb Radial abduction norm	0 - 50 degrees
Thumb palmar abduction norm	0 - 50 degrees
Thumb opposition norm	measured in centimeters
Digit MCP flexion norm	0 - 90 degrees
Digit PIP flexion norm	0 - 110 degrees
Digit DIP flexion norm	0 - 80 degrees
client factor that describes the extent of movement that occurs at a joint	Range of motion (ROM)
arc of motion through which the joint passe when voluntarily moved by muscles acting on the joint	Active Range of motion (AROM)
arc of motion through which the joint passes when moved by an outside force (another person, yourself, object)	Passive Range of motion (PROM)
disease processes, trauma, periarticular changes, and age	Factors that can decrease joint movement
normal joint movement and muscular strength	required for effortless movement in occupation
part of assessment of client factors in individuals (CVA, arthritis, fx, and general debility) also motivation	Purpose of measuring joint ROM
Improvements in ROM not significant unless	person has gained in performance skills to enhance participation in occupation
Role of COTA based on	competency level, legislation and restrictions
degree and type of motion (occurs at specific jt.), average normal ROM, positioning of self and client during measurement.	before doing goniometry the therapist must understand;
always establish rapport with patient	before beginning goniometry
ask patient to move extremity through comfortable ROM noting	amount of movement, noise, or discomfort
predisposition to joint limitations (RA, old fx, fused joints, etc.)	Always check medical record for
uninvolved extremity	some patients do not have full ROM check _________ for an idea of what is 'normal' for your patient
anatomic position	most measurements are performed in
3 cardinal planes of movement (sagittal, frontal, horizontal)	motions occur in
angle	goni =
a measure	metron =
stationary arm	-Small protractor or half/full circle -Degree numbers are on this bar
movable arm	-Attached to center of axis -Acts as the dial -Read the degree
axis	1) Rivet that acts as the fulcrum is placed over the axis of the joint 2) Makes a semi circle of movement 3) Tight enough to hold the movable arm when being measured
full circle-360 degree, 180, finger, small	various sizes of goniometer
position of pt. (sitting, supine, etc.) and if pain, spasticity, or abnormal pathology is noted (unable to stand, etc.)	examiner should note
scapular mobility	glenohumeral mobility depends greatly on
5 degree increments you will round down or up (unless 1 degree)	ROM is measured in
Sitting or standing	Shoulder Flexion patient position
Side of patient	Shoulder Flexion Therapist Position
enter of humerus just distal to acromion process on lateral aspect of humerus	Shoulder Flexion Axis Location
Forearm and wrist in neutral	Shoulder Flexion Starting Position
Client’s arm is raised in front of body in a sagittal plane of movement (Palm facing head)	Shoulder Flexion Ending position
parallel to trunk	Shoulder Flexion Stationary arm
parallel to humerus	Shoulder Flexion Mobile Arm
Trunk bending	Things to watch for measuring Shoulder Flexion
Sitting or standing	Shoulder Extension patient position
Side of patient	Shoulder Extension Therapist Position
Located center on the head of the humerus (just distal to acromion process)	Shoulder Extension Axis Location
Forearm and wrist in neutral.	Shoulder Extension Starting Position
Client’s arm is to be brought in back of the body in a sagittal plane of movement	Shoulder Extension Ending position
Also parallel to trunk	Shoulder Extension Stationary arm
Also parallel to humerus	Shoulder Extension Mobile Arm
excessive scapular motion, spinal flexion	Things to watch for measuring Shoulder Extension
Sitting or Standing	Shoulder Abduction patient position
Behind patient	Shoulder Abduction Therapist Position
on acromion process on posterior surface of shoulder	Shoulder Abduction Axis Location
Palm up with shoulder in adduction with external rotation to prevent impingement	Shoulder Abduction Starting Position
Client’s arm is raised to side of body in a frontal plane of movement	Shoulder Abduction Ending position
parallel to trunk	Shoulder Abduction Stationary arm
parallel to humerus	Shoulder Abduction Mobile Arm
watch for lateral trunk bending	Things to watch for measuring Shoulder Abduction
Sitting	Horizontal Shoulder Abduction Patient Position
Standing behind patient	Horizontal Shoulder Abduction Therapist Position
over acromion process	Horizontal Shoulder Abduction Axis Location
shoulder in 90 degrees of abduction, palm down moving the shoulder into abduction.	Horizontal Shoulder Abduction Starting Position
Move arm toward back of body patient's arm is raised to side of body in frontal plane of movement.	Horizontal Shoulder Abduction Ending position
parallel over shoulder toward the neck	Horizontal Shoulder Abduction Stationary arm
Parallel to the humerus on the superior aspect	Horizontal Shoulder Abduction Mobile Arm
trunk bending	Things to watch for measuring Horizontal Shoulder Abduction
Sitting	Horizontal Shoulder Adduction Patient Position
Standing behind patient	Horizontal Shoulder Adduction Therapist Position
Also on acromion process	Horizontal Shoulder Adduction Axis Location
Shoulder in 90 degrees of abduction, palm down moving the shoulder into adduction	Horizontal Shoulder Adduction Starting Position
Arm reaching in front and across body to opposite side patient's arm is moved in front of the body in horizontal plane of movement	Horizontal Shoulder Adduction Ending position
Also parallel over shoulder toward the neck	Horizontal Shoulder Adduction Stationary arm
Also Parallel to the humerus on the superior aspect	Horizontal Shoulder Adduction Mobile Arm
trunk bending	Things to watch for measuring Horizontal Shoulder Adduction
sitting or standing	Shoulder Internal Rotation Patient Position
Beside patient	Shoulder Internal Rotation Therapist Position
on olecranon process of elbow (point of elbow)	Shoulder Internal Rotation Axis Location
Shoulder in 90 degrees of abduction, elbow in 90 degrees of flexion. Move into External rotation (like resting on an arm rest that is at shoulder height)	Shoulder Internal Rotation Starting Position
Client’s forearm is swung down gently, keeping humerus parallel to floor	Shoulder Internal Rotation Ending position
parallel to where forearm started	Shoulder Internal Rotation Stationary arm
parallel to where forearm is at	Shoulder Internal Rotation Mobile Arm
trunk bending, arm is straight	Things to watch for measuring Shoulder Internal Rotation
sitting or standing	Shoulder External Rotation Patient Position
Beside patient	Shoulder external Rotation Therapist Position
Also on olecranon process of elbow (point of elbow)	Shoulder external Rotation Axis Location
Also Shoulder in 90 degrees of abduction, elbow in 90 degrees of flexion. Move into External rotation (like resting on an arm rest that is at shoulder height)	Shoulder external Rotation Starting Position
Client’s forearm is lifted gently, keeping humerus parallel to floor	Shoulder external Rotation Ending position
Also parallel to where forearm started	Shoulder external Rotation Stationary arm
Also parallel to where forearm is at	Shoulder external Rotation Mobile Arm
trunk bending arm is sraight	Things to watch for measuring Shoulder external Rotation
sitting or standing	Elbow Extension to Flexion Patient Position
On side of patient	Elbow Extension to Flexion Therapist Position
placed over lateral epicondyle of humerus at end of elbow crease	Elbow Extension to Flexion Axis Location
Forearm supination with palm up (straighten as much as possible)	Elbow Extension to Flexion Starting Position
Client bring palm towards shoulder Client’s forearm begins in extended position and is raised in a sagittal plane of movement.	Elbow Extension to Flexion Ending position
parallel to midline of humerus	Elbow Extension to Flexion Stationary arm
parallel to radius	Elbow Extension to Flexion Mobile Arm
Watch for shoulder flexion	Things to watch for measuring Elbow Extension to Flexion
Sitting	Forearm supination Patient Position
Sitting in front of patient	Forearm supination Therapist Position
at volar aspect of wrist just proximal to ulnar styloid	Forearm supination Axis Location
Shoulder Adducted, Elbow at 90 degrees flexion. start with forearm in mid position/neutral.	Forearm supination Starting Position
move palm toward the ceiling Client’s forearm is rotated laterally around ulna.	Forearm supination Ending position
pointing downward perpendicular to floor	Forearm supination Stationary arm
resting against volar aspect of wrist	Forearm supination Mobile Arm
Elbow in ribs, watch for shoulder abduction	Things to watch for measuring Forearm supination
Sitting	Forearm pronation Patient Position
Also Sitting in front of patient	Forearm pronation Therapist Position
At the dorsal aspect of wrist, just proximal to ulnar styloid	Forearm pronation Axis Location
Also Shoulder Adducted, Elbow at 90 degrees flexion . start with forearm in mid position/neutral.	Forearm pronation Starting Position
Patient moves palm to face the ground Client’s forearm is rotated medially around ulna.	Forearm pronation Ending position
Pointing downward perpendicular to floor	Forearm pronation Stationary arm
resting against volar aspect of wrist	Forearm pronation Mobile Arm
Elbow in ribs, watch for shoulder internal rotation	Things to watch for measuring Forearm pronation
Sitting (table)	Wrist flexion patient position
Sitting across patient	Wrist flexion therapist position
Center of Dorsal aspect of wrist (RC joint)	Wrist flexion Axis location
Seated with elbow on table fingers toward ceiling.	Wrist flexion Starting position
Palm down toward the table	Wrist flexion Ending position
Lies down the center of the arm between the radius and ulna	Wrist flexion stationary arm
along the center of the 3rd metacarpal (there will be space at the wrist bend)	Wrist flexion Mobile arm
Watch for pronation/supination	Things to watch for measuring Wrist flexion
Sitting (table)	Wrist extension patient position
Also Sitting across patient	Wrist extension therapist position
center of the volar/palmar surface of the wrist (RC joint)	Wrist extension Axis location
also Seated with elbow on table fingers toward ceiling	Wrist extension Starting position
Palm toward ceiling	Wrist extension Ending position
also lies down the center of the forearm between the radius and ulna	Wrist extension stationary arm
also along the center of the 3rd metacarpal (there will be space at the wrist bend)	Wrist extension Mobile arm
watch for pronation/supination	Things to watch for measuring Wrist extension
Sitting (table)	Ulnar Deviation Patient position
Sitting in front of table	Ulnar Deviation Therapist position
the base of the 3rd metacarpal (capitate - RC joint)	Ulnar Deviation Axis location
Seated with forearm pronated and palm flat on table	Ulnar Deviation Starting position
Pinky moved towards patients wrist Client’s hand is laterally extended in a horizontal plane of movement	Ulnar Deviation Ending position
Lies down the center of the forearm	Ulnar Deviation stationary arm
along the 3rd metacarpal (stay in line of metacarpal and not fingers)	Ulnar Deviation Mobile arm
Watch for pronation/supination	Things to watch for measuring Ulnar Deviation
Sitting (table)	Radial Deviation Patient position
Also Sitting in front of table	Radial Deviation Therapist position
the base of the 3rd metacarpal (capitate - RC joint)	Radial Deviation Axis location
Seated with forearm pronated and palm flat on table	Radial Deviation Starting position
patients thumb toward wrist Client’s hand is medially extended in a horizontal plane of movement.	Radial Deviation Ending position
Also Lies down the center of the forearm	Radial Deviation stationary arm
also along 3rd metacarpal	Radial Deviation Mobile arm
Watch for pronation/supination	Things to watch for measuring Radial Deviation
Sitting (Table)	Digit MP Flexion Patient position
in front of table	Digit MP Flexion Therapist position
over lateral aspect of MP joint of index finger	Digit MP Flexion Axis location
Elbow on table with hand elevated in front of patient.	Digit MP Flexion Starting position
patient making a fist	Digit MP Flexion Ending position
on the digit you are measuring	Digit MP Flexion stationary arm
Dorsum of the hand	Digit MP Flexion Mobile arm
Thumb not in palm	Things to watch for measuring Digit MP Flexion
Sitting (table)	Digit PIP Flexion Patient position
In front of table	Digit PIP Flexion Therapist position
centered on dorsal surface of PIP joint being measured.	Digit PIP Flexion Axis location
Elbow on table with hand elevated in front of patient	Digit PIP Flexion Starting position
making a fist	Digit PIP Flexion Ending position
over proximal phalanx	Digit PIP Flexion stationary arm
over distal phalanx	Digit PIP Flexion Mobile arm
Thumb not in palm	Things to watch for measuring Digit PIP Flexion
Sitting (Table)	Digit DIP Flexion Patient position
In front of table	Digit DIP Flexion Therapist position
dorsal surface of DIP joint	Digit DIP Flexion Axis location
Elbow on table with hand elevated in front of patient	Digit DIP Flexion Starting position
making a fist . Extend MP joint enough to fit moveable arm without hitting the palm	Digit DIP Flexion Ending position
over middle phalanx	Digit DIP Flexion Stationary Arm
over middle phalanx	Digit DIP Flexion Mobile arm
Thumb not in palm	Things to watch for measuring Digit DIP Flexion
Sitting (table)	Thumb MP Flexion Patient position
in front of table	Thumb MP Flexion Therapist position
dorsal surface of MP joint	Thumb MP Flexion Axis location
Neutral wrist on the ulnar border (45 degrees forearm supination)	Thumb MP Flexion Starting position
(Reach thumb to bottom of palm) Client’s thumb distal of MP joint is flexed down	Thumb MP Flexion Ending position
over thumb metacarpal	Thumb MP Flexion Stationary Arm
over thumb metacarpal	Thumb MP Flexion Mobile arm
On metacarpal not tendon	Things to watch for measuring Thumb MP Flexion
Sitting	Thumb IP Flexion Patient position
in front of table	Thumb IP Flexion Therapist position
dorsal surface of IP joint	Thumb IP Flexion Axis location
Neutral wrist on the ulnar border. Measure when the MP is also flexed.	Thumb IP Flexion Starting position
(Reach thumb to bottom of palm) Client’s thumb distal of IP joint is flexed down	Thumb IP Flexion Ending position
over proximal phalanx	Thumb IP Flexion Stationary Arm
over distal phalanx	Thumb IP Flexion Mobile arm
May need to slightly elevate hand to not hit table, keeping forearm stabilized on table	Things to watch for measuring Thumb IP Flexion
Sitting	Thumb CMC Radial Abduction Patient position
Sitting across table	Thumb CMC Radial Abduction Therapist position
over CMC joint at base of thumb	Thumb CMC Radial Abduction Axis location
Palm flat on table	Thumb CMC Radial Abduction Starting position
Move thumb away from side of fingers Client’s thumb is abducted in a horizontal plane of movement.	Thumb CMC Radial Abduction Ending position
In line with 2nd metacarpal	Thumb CMC Radial Abduction Stationary Arm
parallel to thumb metacarpal	Thumb CMC Radial Abduction Mobile arm
on metacarpal not tendon	Things to watch for measuring Thumb CMC Radial Abduction
Sitting	Thumb CMC Palmar Abduction Patient position
Sitting across table	Thumb CMC Palmar Abduction Therapist position
1st CMC joint (anatomical snuff box)	Thumb CMC Palmar Abduction Axis location
Hand and wrist on ulnar border	Thumb CMC Palmar Abduction Starting position
Thumb move away from index finger (in a plane perpendicular to palm)	Thumb CMC Palmar Abduction Ending position
in line with 2nd metacarpal	Thumb CMC Palmar Abduction Stationary Arm
in line with 1st metacarpal	Thumb CMC Palmar Abduction Mobile arm
on metacarpal not tendon	Things to watch for measuring Thumb CMC Palmar Abduction
measure with ruler part of goniometer between center of pulp of thumb and small finger	Thumb opposition.

Created by: OTAbaddies