anatomy part 4 Word Scramble

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Question	Answer
connective tissues are the most abundant tissue type by	weight
cells are farther apart than _______ cells by connective tissues	epithelial
connective tissues contain abundant extracellular matrix between cells, consisting of	protein fibers and a ground substance
consistency of connective tissue varies from	fluid to solid
categories of connective tissue:	connective tissue proper and specialized connective tissues
most connective tissues have _____________, so are well-nourished	good blood supply
most cells in connective tissue have the ability to	divide
connective tissues contain ________, which remain in one place, and ________, such as macrophages, which move throughout tissues	fixed cells; wandering cells
connective tissues bind structures together and provide	support and protection
most common fixed cell, large star-shaped cell, secrete fibers into extracellular matrix	fibroblasts
usually attached to fibers, but can detach and wonder, conduct phagocytosis, and defend against infections	macrophages
which of the common cell types of connective tissue ingests foreign particles	macrophages
large cells, widely distributed, release heparin to prevent blood clotting, and release histamine, which causes inflammatory response	mast cells
fibroblasts produce ______ in connective tissue	3 types of fibers
thick threads of collagen, the body's main structural protein, great tensile strength and flexible----slightly elastic, found in ligaments and tendons	collagen fibers
composed of elastin protein; branching, can stretch and return to original shape, not as strong as collagen fibers, found in vocal cords, respiratory air passages	elastic (yellow) fibers
thin, branching fibers of collagen, form delicate supporting networks, and found in the spleen and liver	reticular fibers
connective tissue proper has two major categories:	loose and dense connective tissues
fewer collagen fibers than dense tissues types: areolar, adipose, reticular	loose connective tissues
contain abundant collagen fibers dense regular, dense irregular, elastic	dense connective tissue
specialized connective tissues include:	cartilage, bone, and blood
forms thin, delicate membranes, cells are mainly fibroblasts, in a gel-like ground substance, collagenous and elastic fibers, in subcutaneous layer, beneath most epithelia, where it nourishes nearby epithelial cells	areolar
adipocytes store fat; push their nuclei to one side; crowd out other cell types; cushions and insulates; beneath skin (subcutaneous layer), behind eyeballs, around heart and kidneys, in spaces between muscles	adipose tissue (fat)
composed of network of thin reticular fibers; supports wall of internal organs; walls of liver, spleen	reticular connective tissue
closely packed connective tissues; fine network of elastic fibers; most cells are fibroblasts; very strong, withstands pulling; binds body parts together; tendons, ligaments, dermis; poor blood supply, slow to heal	dense regular connective tissue
randomly organized, thick, interwoven collagenous fibers; can withstand tension exerted from different directions; dermis of skin; around skeletal muscles	dense irregular connective tissue
abundant yellow elastic fibers, and some collagenous fibers; fibroblasts; attachment between bones of spinal column; walls of hollow organs, such as large arteries, airways; parts of heart; elastic quality, stretches	elastic connective tissue
which of the following types of connective tissue consists of abundant collagen fibers oriented in one direction?	dense regular connective tissue
a rigid, specialized connective tissue and provides support, framework, attachments	cartilage
protection of underlying tissue, models for developing bone, matrix contains collagen in gel-like ground substance	cartilage
(cartilage cells) in lacunae (chambers), surrounded by matrix that is in cartilage	chondrocytes
lacks blood supply; heals slowly and is covered by _______ (connective tissue), which provides some nutrients to the cartilage	perichondrium
3 types of cartilage:	hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage
cartilage takes ______ to heal than bones because bones have a good blood supply	longer
most common type of cartilage; fine collage fibers in matrix; ends of bones in joints, nose, respiratory passages, embryonic skeleton	hyaline
flexible, due to elastic fibers in matrix; external ear, larynx	elastic
very tough, due to many collagen fibers; shock absorber; intervertebral discs, pads (menisci) of knee, and pelvic girdle	fibrocartilage
which type of cartilage can be found between the vertebrae?	fibrocartilage
most rigid connective tissue; solid matrix, composed of mineral (Ca) salts and collagen, supports structures and protects vital structures	bones (osseous tissue)
produces blood cells, stores and releases Ca, P; attachment sites for muscles; forms skeleton	bones
bones contain _____ (bone cells) in lacunae	osteocytes
two types of bones:	compact and spongy
osteoblasts deposit in matrix in lamellae (layers); lamellae occur in rings around central canals	compact bone
in a compact bone, osteocytes + matrix + central canal form cylindrical units called	osteons
osteocytes send out processes into ________, and share blood supply in a compact bone	canaliculi
are cemented together to form compact bone	osteons
central canals contain blood vessels; bone is well-nourished, heals more quickly than cartilage	osteons
makes up interior part of the bone; consists of bony plates containing osteocytes, with space between them for marrow	spongy bone
spongy bone is _____ in weight than compact bone	lighter
blood is formed elements (cells and fragments) suspended in fluid matrix called _____	plasma
transport gases	red blood cells
defend against infection	white blood cells
help in blood clotting	platelets
transports substances throughout the body	blood
are sheets of cells	membranes
are composed of epithelial and connective tissue, cover body surfaces and lines cavities	epithelial membranes
line body cavities that do not open to outside of the body; inner linings of thorax and abdomen and covers organs; simple squamous epithelium + areolar connective tissue	serous membranes
serous membranes secrete serous fluid for _______, reducing friction	lubrication
line cavities and tubes that open to the outside of the body; lining of digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts; epithelium + areolar connective tissue; goblet cells secrete mucus	mucous membranes
covers body surface, commonly called skin, part of integumentary system	cutaneous membranes
different from epithelial membranes, composed entirely of connective tissue, and lines joint cavities	synovial membranes
excitable, responds to nervous stimulation; are also called muscle fibers; contractile, can shorten and thicken	muscle tissues
3 types of muscle tissues:	skeletal, cardiac, and smooth
attached to bones, striated, voluntary; long, cylindrical, multinucleated cells; stimulated by nerve cells	skeletal muscle
non-striated, spindle-shaped fibers, much shorter than skeletal muscle, walls of hollow organs and blood vessels, involuntary	smooth muscle tissue
only in the wall of the heart, branching cells, involuntary, striated, intercalated discs, specialized intercellular junctions	cardiac muscle tissue
what percentage of body weight is represented by skeletal muscle?	40%
found in brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves	nervous tissues
main cells, which are specialized for communication, via conduction of nerve impulses (sensory reception, motor control)	neurons
two main cell types of nervous tissues:	neurons and neuroglia
coordinate, integrate, and regular body functions; composed of cell body (soma), dendrites, and an axon	neurons
cells that support and nourish neurons; growth factors, nutrition, structural support	neuroglia

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