BLY FINAL Word Scramble

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Question	Answer
Attenuation	describes changes in the x-ray beam as is travels through the patient
Which Photon- tissue interaction makes radiography possible because of its creation of contrast?	photoelectric effect
Which photon-tissue interaction produces radiation that may expose others in the room during fluroscopy?	Compton's
The traditional unit of absorbed does is the	Rad
Measurement of positive and negative particles created when radiation ionizes atoms in the air define the:	Roentgen
Linear energy transfer	varies for different types of radiation
Graphs that demonstrate the relationship between radiation received and the organism's response are called	dose- response curves
Medical x-rays are examples of	artificially produced radiation
Cataractogenesis does not occur at low levels of radiation exposure. Therefore it is best expressed by which of the following dose-response relationship?	threshold
Increased dose equals increased probability of effects best describes which of the following?	Nonstochastic effects
The cumulative occupational exposure for a 22 year old radiographer is;	22 rem
The annual effective absorbed dose equivalent limit for the general public, assuming frequent exposure, is:	0.1 rem
The secondary protective barrier used in room shielding must be at least how thick?	1/32 inch Pb Equivalent
The intensity of scattered beam is 1/1000 the intensity of the primary beam at a _____ angle 1 meter from the patient.	90
The minimum source-to-skin distance for fixed fluoroscopy is	15 inches
The minimum source-to-skin distance for mobile x-rays is	12 inches
The use of gonadal shielding on female patients may reduce gonad dose by up ____ percent	50
Cells that are oxygenated are more susceptible to radiation damage. This describes	oxygen enhancement ratio
Which of the following agencies is responsible for enforcing radiation safety standars	NRC
The blood count is depressed following a whole body dose equivalent of at least how many rads?	25
Determine the cumulative effective dose (CED) to the whole body of an occupationally exposed person who is 27 years old.	270 mSv
Biologic effects such as cataracts that result form exposure to ionizing radiation appear to have which of the following?	Sigmoid threshold dose-response curve
Why have occupational and nonoccupational effective dose limits been developed by scientists?	To minimize the risk of harmful biologic effects for the general public, patients, and radiologic professional s
Highly reactive ions that have unpaired electron in the outer shill are called:	Free radicals
The master molecule that directs cell activities is:	DNA
The process of somatic cell division is called:	Mitosis
The most common effect from exposure to ionizing radiation is	ionization of atoms in the cells
Most radiation-induced damage to cells occurs:	at dose of radiation much higher than that used in radiography
Radiation doses up to _______are considered low risk to the embryo-fetus.	5 rads
A concept of radiologic practice that encourages radiation users to adopt measures that keep the dose to the patient and themselves at a minimum level is called:	ALARA
are nerve cells relatively insensitive to radiation or sensitive?	insensitive
Somatic effects of radiation	are caused when a large dose of high- let radiation is received by a large area of the body
the best way to keep radiation does to the patient low is	avoiding repeat exposure
X-rays may remove electrons form atoms in the body by a process called:	ionization
Ionization may cause:	unstable atoms, production of low-energy x-rays, formation of new molecules harmful to the cell
Cell damage may be exhibited as	loss of function or abnormal function
Damage to the cell being irradiated is called	molecular
Radiation effects that show up in the next generation are called:	genetic
Radiation that is contained in the environment is called	natural background
Background radiation is the source of what percent of human exposure?	82%
The annual effective dose equivalent per person form natural background radiation is approximately	295 rem
The greatest source of natural background radiation to humans is:	radon
The smallest particle of an element that retains the characteristic of the element is a(n)	atom
Atomic Mass refers to :	the number of protons plus the number of neutrons
X-rays travel as bundles of energy called	photons
The height of a sine wave is called	amplitude
The number of x-ray waves passing a given point per unit time is called	frequency
The transformer that operates on the principle of self-induction is the	autotransformer
Electric timers used in x-ray equipment allow for exposure times as low as:	1/1000 second
to ensure consistency of radiographic quality form one exposure to the next, what device may be used:	Automatic exposure control
When quality control test is performed to ensure that the penetrating ability of the x-ray beam is accurate, the result must be within this amount of the control panel setting:	2 percent of SID
What happens when a predetermined level of ionization is reached in the ionization chamber?	the exposure is terminated

Created by: dani326406