Chapter 5 Vocabulary Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Electromagnetic radiation | is a form of energy that exhibits wavelike behavior as it travels through space |
Wavelength | is the shortest distance between equivalent points on a continuous wave |
Frequency | is the number of waves that pass a given point per second |
Amplitude | is the wave's height from the origin to a crest, or from the origin to a trough |
Electromagnetic spetrum | also called the EM spectrum, encompasses all forms of electromagnetic radiation, with only differences in the types of radiation being their frquencies and wavelengths |
Quantum | is the minimum amount of energy that can be gained or lost by an atom |
Planck's constant | has a value of 6.626x10^-34, where J is the symbol for the joule, the SI unit of energy |
Photoelectric effect | electrons, called photoelectrons, are emitted from a metal's surface when light of a certain frequency shines on the surface |
Photon | is a particle of electromagnetic radiation with no mass that carries a quantum of energy |
Atomic emission spectrum | is a set of frequencies of the electromagnetic waves emitted by atoms of the element |
Ground state | the lowest allowable energy state of an atom |
de Brogile equation | predicts that all moving particles have wave characteristics |
Heisenburg principle | states that it is fundamentally impossible to know precisely both the velocity and position of a particle at the same time |
Quantum mechanical model of the atom | the atomic model in which electrons are treated as waves |
atomic orbital | the three-dimensional region around the nucleus |
Principal quantum numbers | indicate the relative sizes and energies of atomic orbitals |
Principal energy levels | specifies the atoms majority energy level |
Energy sublevels | a part of the principal energy levels |
Electron configuration | the arrangement of electrons in an atom |
Aufbau principle | states that each electron occupies the lowest energy orbital available |
Pauli exclusion principle | states that a maximum of two electrons may occupy a single atomic orbital, but only if electrons have opposite spins |
Hund's rule | states that single electrons with the same spin must occupy each equal-energy orbital before additional electrons with opposite spins can occupy the same orbitals |
Valence electrons | are defined as electrons in the atoms outermost orbitals, generally those oritals associated with the atom's highest principle energy level |
Electron-dot structure | consists of elements symbol, which represents the atomic nucleus and inner-level electrons surrounded by dots representing the atom's valence electrons |
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