Chapter 13 Test Word Scramble

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Question	Answer
1. What was the Middle Ages?	The era in European history that followed the fall of the Roman Empire, lasting from about 500 to 1500—also called the medieval period.
2. Who were the Franks?	Germanic people who settled in the Roman province of Gaul (roughly the area now occupied by France) and established a great empire during the Middle Ages.
3. Who were the monasteries?	Religious community of men (called monks) who have given up their possessions to devote themselves to a life of prayer and worship.
4. What was secular?	Being concerned with worldly rather than spiritual matters.
5. What was the Carolingian Dynasty?	A dynasty of Frankish rulers, lasting from a.d. 751 to 987.
6. Who was Charlemagne?	He was a ruler of the Frankish Kingdom, also known as, Charles the Great.
7. What was a lord?	In feudal Europe, a person who controlled land and could therefore grant estates to vassals.
8. What was a fief?	An estate granted to a vassal by a lord under the feudal system in medieval Europe.
9. What was a vassal?	A lord in exchange for a pledge of loyalty and services.
10. What was a knight?	In medieval Europe, an armored warrior who fought on horseback.
11. Who were the serfs?	A medieval peasant legally bound to live on a lord’s Estate.
12. What was a manor?	A lord’s estate in feudal Europe.
13. What was the tithe?	A family’s payment of one-tenth of its income to a church.
14. What was chivalry?	A code of behavior for knights in medieval Europe, stressing ideals such as courage, loyalty, and devotion.
15. What was a tournament?	A mock battle between groups of knights.
16. Who were troubadours?	Medieval poets and musicians who traveled from place to place, entertaining people with songs of courtly love.
17. Who were the clergy's?	A body of officials who perform religious services—such as priests, ministers, or rabbis.
18. What are sacraments?	One of the Christian ceremonies in which God’s grace is transmitted to people.
19. What was the canon law?	The body of laws governing the religious practices of a Christian church.
20. What was the Holy Roman Empire?	An empire established in Europe in the 10th century a.d., originally consisting mainly of lands in what is now Germany and Italy.
21. What was the practice of lay investiture?	The appointment of religious officials by kings or nobles.
22. At what age did a knight start training?	The age was at 7 years old.
23. What religion did the majority of people practice in the middle ages?	Most people practiced Christianity in the middle ages of this time period.
24. What was the code of the knights?	It was the code of chivalry?
25. What was feudalism?	Feudalism was a political system in which nobles were granted the use of land that legally belonged to the king.

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