Tissues Word Scramble

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Question	Answer
A group of cells working together to perform specialized functional and structural roles	tissue
What are the four different tissue types?	muscular, nervous, connective, epithelial
what tissue is widespread throughout body -lines/covers surfaces inside and out	Epithelial Tissue
Always has a free, exposed surface (Apical surface) to outer environment or an open internal space	epithelial tissue
What is the underside of epithelial tissue is anchored down by a thin, non-living layer called a	basement membrane
Epithelial Tissue is a major tissue type of	glands
Epithelial Tissues lack ____ vessels	blood
how does epithelial tissue get nourishment?	they get nourishment from diffusion of substances from underlying connective tissues
Epithelial tissue do what?	reproduce rapidly
Epithelial tissue cells are	tightly packed
What makes epithelial tissue cells an effective protective barrier?	little intercellular space
What is the major functions of epithelial tissue?	protection, secretion, absorption, excretion and sensory perception
What are the 6 types of epithelial tissue?	1.simple squamous 2.Simple cuboidal epithelium 3.simple columnar epithelium 4.Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium 5.Startified Squamous Epithelium 6.Transiitonal Epithelium
cells are single layers and cube shaped	simple cuboidal epithelium
What is the simple cuboidal epithelium nuclei	spherical and centrally located
what is the function of simple cuboidal epithelium?	secretion and absorption
what is the location of simple cuboidal epithelium?	covers the ovaries, lines kidney tubules, lines ducts of glands(salivary, thyroid, pancreas and liver)
cells are elongated (longer than they are wide) and single layered	simple columnar epithelium
What is the simple columnar epithelium nuclei?	located at same level in cells, typically near basement membrane
what does simple columnar epithelium do?	secretion of digestive fluids, absorption of nutrients
What does simple columnar epithelium have to increase surface area?	microvilli
who contains manny goblet cells?	simple columnar epithelium
What is the location of simple columnar epithelium?	lining of uterus, lining of digestive tract organs
Columnar cells appear to be stratified (layers of cells) but are not	Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium
Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium has what to help move substances across the surface of the cell?	cilia
Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium often contain what to secrete mucus	goblet cells
What is the function of pseudo stratified columnar epithelium?	secretion of mucus, propulsion of materials
What is the location of pseudo stratified columnar epithelium	lining of respiratory organs and tubes of the reproductive system
Stratified =consisting of many layers of squamous cells -makes tissues very think	Stratified Squamous Epithelium
What is the function of stratified squamous epithelium?	protection of underlying tissues subjected to constant surface abrasion (scratching/abus)
What is the location of stratified squamous epithelium?	skin, linking of mouth, and throat
upper layers of our skin accumulate a protein called	keratin
What does keratin do?	makes them harden and die -this allows for better protection and retention of water in the body
Specialized stratified layers of cuboidal and columnar cells designed to undergo changes as a result of increasing tension	Transitional Epithelium
What is the function of transitional epithelium?	contact and relax with volume and tension changes in tissue
What is the location of transitional epithelium?	Urinary bladder and passageways of urinary system
Bind structure together, fill space, serve as a framework, provides support, stores fat, produces blood cells, provides protection against infection, and helps repair tissue damage	connective tissue
Are connective tissues able to reproduce?	yes
Variation in blood supply	connective tissue
usually present in stable #'s in the matrix; 3 types	resident cells
Large and star shaped; produce fibers in the matrix by secreting proteins	fibroblasts
specialized to carry out phagocytosis	macrophages
large and located near blood cells	mast cells
what prevents blood clotting	heparin
what promotes reactions associated with allergies and inflammation	histamine
What are connective tissue fibers all produced by	fibroblasts
What are the the 3 types of connective tissue fibers	1. collagenous fibers 2. elastic fibers 3. reticular fibers
thick and thread like	collagenous fibers
composed of flexible collagen	collagenous fibers
have a great tensile strength	collagenous fibers
make up tendons and appear white in large amounts	collagenous fibers
composed of a protein called elastin	elastic fibers
found in vocal cords and appear yellow in large amounts	elastic fibers
thin, dark fibers composed of collagen	reticular fibers
highly branched and form supporting networks in spleen, bone and cartilage	reticular fibers
gel-like matrix separates all 3 fiber types. many blood cells within tissue	loose connective tissue (areolar tissue)
has all 3 types of resident cells; many fibroblasts	loose connective tissue (areolar tissue)
forms soft, thin, delicate membranes throughout body	loose connective tissue
What is loose connective tissue function?	binds skin to underlying organs, wraps and cushions organs and fills spaces between muscles
What is the location of loose connective tissue?	wraps around organs and lies beneath most epithelial layers -tends to swell with tissue fluid when injured
commonly called fat -whitish-yellow looks like a honeycomb under microscope	adipose tissue
specialized loose connective tissue that holds lipids in expanding "fat droplets"	adipose tissue
What is the function of adipose tissue?	protective cushion for organs an joins, insulates body heat, long-term energy storage in fat molecules
what is the location of adipose tissue?	beneath skin (subcutaneous), spaces between muscles, within breasts, around kidneys, behind eyeballs, in certain abdominal membranes ("visceral fat"), on the surface of the heart and around some joints
dense, fibrous tissue that contains many, closely packed, thick, parallel, collagenous fibers and a fine network of elastic fibers	dense fibrous connective tissue
Function: very strong and can withstand pulling forces and serves to bind body parts together	dense fibrous connective tissue
What do tendons connect	muscles to bones or muscles to other muscles
What do ligaments connect	bones to other bones
can also be found in the protective white layer of the eyeball and in deeper portions of the skin	dense fibrous connective tissue
rigid, yet flexible and lots of firm matrix	cartilage
Single cartilage cell =	chondrocyte
No blood vessels in cartilage, so nutrients diffuse from a fibrous connective tissue lining cover	cartilage
reproduces and repairs slowly	cartilage
what are the three major types of cartilage?	1. hyaline 2.elastic 3.Fibrocartilage
Most common cartilage type	Hyaline Cartilage
What is the nickname for hyaline cartilage	milk glass
very fine collagenous fibers in matrix	hyaline cartilage
Function: support and reinforce, has resilient cushioning properties, resists compressive stress	hyaline cartilage
Location: covers ends of many bones in joints, "wiggly" part of nose, costal cartilage of ribcage, in supporting rings of trachea and larynx	hyaline cartilage
More flexible than hyaline	Elastic Cartilage
Contains a dense network of elastic fibers (appear dark in matrix)	Elastic Cartilage
Chondrocytes are closer together	Elastic Cartilage
Function: maintains shape of a structure while allowing great flexibility	elastic cartilage
Location: framework of outer ear and epiglottis (flap at entrance of trachea that closes off -prevents food and beverage from entering lungs)	elastic cartilage
very tough tissue containing many collagenous fibers with chondrocytes in parallel layers	fibrocartilage
Function: excellent shock-absorber, great tensile strength, highly compressible	Fibrocartilage
Location: forms discs between vertebrae, found in knee join and forms protective cushion for bones of pelvic girdle	Fibrocartilage
most rigid of all connective tissues	bone (osseous) tissue
hardness due to mineral salts and collagen in matrix	bone (osseous) tissue
single bone cell =osteocyte, and they lie in lacunae chambers	single bone cell
they lacunae are evenly spaced along thin layers of bone matrix called lamellae	bone (osseous) tissue
the osteonic canal and the lamellae surrounding it. Many osteons are visible under microscope	osteon
composed of cells that are suspended in a fluid matrix, called plasma	blood (vascular) tissue
contains red blood cells (RBC's), white blood cells (WBC's) and platelets	blood (vascular) tissue
Function: Transport of respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes and heat	blood (vascular) tissue
Location: contained within blood vessels	blood (vascular) tissue
one muscle cell =	muscle fiber
do muscles pull or pull	pull
What are the tree types of muscle tissue?	1. skeletal Muscle 2.Smooth Muscle 3.Cardia Muscle
Fibers are long and cylindrical, with alternating light and dark bands called	striations
each fiber has many nuclei found close to cell membrane surface	skeletal muscle
Functions: voluntarily controlled by your will	skeletal muscle
Locations: Found in all muscles that attach to skeleton	skeletal muscle
Fibers lack striations	smooth muscle
fibers are shorter than skeletal and spindle shaped	smooth muscle
Has a single, central nucleus	smooth muscle
Functions: not voluntarily controlled	smooth muscle
Locations: found in walls of hollow internal organs (stomach, intestines, uterus...) and in the walls of blood cells (vasoconstriction)	smooth muscle
Location: only found in the walls of the heart	cardiac muscle
fibers are striated and joined end to end at an area called	intercalated disk
Functions: involuntarily controlled by brain stem	cardiac muscle
Responsible for continuos pumping of blood through heart chambers and blood vessels	Cardiac Muscle
Found in the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves that run throughout body	nervous tissue
coordinate, regulate, and integrate many body functions	neurons

Created by: leah.howard