Chapter Five Word Scramble

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Front	Back
We lose between ____- ____ and ___-___ of the time available for learning through attendance problems, non-instructional activities, and disruptions caused by student misbehavior.	One-quarter; one-half
John Goodland found that ____ percent of time is used for instruction	Seventy-four
Research shows that when more time is allocated to this type of learning, student achievement increases.	Subject-matter
Philip Jackson, author of Life in Classrooms, describes teachers as ________.	Gatekeepers--As gatekeepers, teachers must determine who will talk, and for how long, as well as the basic direction of communication.
Roughly how much of time is taken up by talk?	Two-thirds
Part of the hidden curriculm of schools is the...	culture of waiting.
Teachers initiate about ____ percent of verbal cycles.	Eighty-five
Homogenous classes can be defined as...	classes in which students with similar skills and intellectual abilities learn together.
Tracking can be defined as...	the method of placing students according to their ability level in homogenous classes or learning experiences.
According to sociologist Talcott Parsons, future roles in adult life are determined when?	Elementary school
How do cultural clashes in school work to the detriment of certain groups?	Cultural clashes often relegate students to lower-ability classes and tracts.
Jeannie Oakes, author of Keeping Track, found that this factor determined which students were placed in which tracks.	Race
Heterogenous classes can be defined as...	mixed ability classes.
Which characteristics describe the "unremarked revolution"?	The revolution has been a quiet and persistent change to detrack students. By the 1990s, only 15 percent of schools had official tracking policies, down from 93 percent in 1965.
How is ability grouping different from tracking?	Ability grouping sorts students based on capability, but the groupings may well vary by subject. Tracks suggest permanence, while ability grouping is more transitory.
How do boys' elementary peer groups develop?	By the third grade, a powerful male culture will have evolved, with entitlement and rights of privilege.
How do girls' elementary peer groups develop?	During the lower grades, being a good student and having a pleasing personality are seen as important; then in the later grades, appearance becomes the key to social stauts.
What is the strongest barrier blocking peer-to- peer communication during the elementary school years?	Gender wall
According to the book, what is seen as the primary purpose of middle school life?	Attention to the emotional and physical developmental growth of adolescents
James Coleman, in The Adolescent Society, found that high schools include a system of reward that is almost directly in the...	distribution of status.
Peer groups appear to be ______ and, more than anything else, tend to define the quality of students' _______ ______.	Homogenous; School life
Generally, our families are getting ____, _____, and ____ ______.	Smaller; Older; More diverse;
The term used to describe a child who takes care of him or herself after school is...	latchkey.
Latchkey kids spend most of their alone time...	watching television.
____ _____ are a small yet growing portion of today's households.	Interracial unions
By the turn of the twenty-first century, more Americans were living in ____ ____ than in ____ ____.	Step families; Nuclear families
Alternative families include family lifestyles other than...	a married male and female living with their children.
What group is the poorest group in our society?	Children
School often reflect which class's values?	The middle class
Academic achievement and career goals are often less important to children in poverty than the values of ____, _______, and _____.	Survival; Entertainment; Relationships
To help lower-class children navigate school norms and value academic learning Payne suggests...	cultivating meaningful relationships between teachers and peers and providing resources for cognitive, emotional, and physical well-being.
Along with resources, Payne proposes that academic learning should be connected with...	relationships.
The McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (1987) provides...	the homeless with emergency food services, adult literacy programs, access to schooling, job training, and other assistance.
Typically, dropping out is a ___-___ process with academic warning signs.	Long-term
___-___ of students graduate from high school.	Two-thirds
What type of sex education does the federal government endorese?	Abstinence-only
This represents the most widespread form of substance abuse.	Alcohol
This is the most widely used illicit drug.	Marijuana
National programs for drug-free schools have been largely...	ineffective.
This is the third most common cause of death among adolescents.	Suicide
These areas are prime places for bullying:	places where students interact informally with little adult supervision.
Boys are most likely to engage in this type of bullying.	Physical
Girls are likely to engage in _____ bullying.	Relational
According to Urie Bronfenbrenner, the "four worlds of childhood" are...	family, friends, school, and work.
The Carnegie Council's report,Turning Points, Educating Adolescents in the 21st Century, recommended the following:	Dividing large schools into smaller communities; Creating a core curriculm; Eliminating tracking; Strengthening teacher preparation to deal with the adolescent group; Emphasizing the link between education and good health
Her book added momentum to the effort to detrack.	Jeannie Oakes

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