Chapter 1 OSystems Word Scramble

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Question	Answer
The ____ is unique to each operating system.	User Interface
The ____ allocates each resource, starts its operation, and, finally, deallocates the resource, making it available to the next process or job.	Device Manager
____ include(s) every peripheral unit in the system such as printers, disk drives, CD/DVD drives, flash memory, keyboards, and so on.	I/O Devices
In a computer, the ____ holds the Central Processing Unit, the Arithmetic and Logic Unit, registers, cache, and main memory.	tower
A supercomputer can perform ____ floating-point operations per second.	2.4 trillion
Powerful microcomputers developed for use by commercial, educational and government enterprises are called ____.	workstations
____ operating systems are typically used for a network platform.	Linux, NetWare, UNIX, Windows
The primary distinguishing characteristic of modern computers is ____.	processor capacity
____ systems are used in time-critical environments where reliability is key and data must be processed within a strict time limit.	Real-time
A hybrid system is a combination of the ____ systems.	batch and interactive
____ systems are computers placed inside other products to add features and capabilities.	Embedded
Vacuum tube computers were used during the period of ____.	1940-1955
Second-generation computers were developed to meet the needs of ____.	businesses
____ introduced the need for control cards, which defined the exact nature of each program and its requirements.	Job scheduling
____ means that several logical records are grouped within one physical record.	Blocking
In second-generation computers, to reduce the discrepancy in speed between the I/O and the CPU, an interface called the ____ was placed between them to act as a buffer.	control unit
The most common mechanism for implementing multiprogramming was the introduction of the ____ concept, which is when the CPU is notified of events needing operating systems services.	interrupt
A system with ____ divides programs into parts and keep them in secondary storage, bringing each part into memory only as it is needed.	virtual memory
The ____ is used to indicate that a program is permanently held in ROM (read only memory), as opposed to being held in secondary storage.	firmware
The overwhelming demand for ____ capability in the mid-1990s sparked the proliferation of networking capability.	Internet
A typical ____ computer houses devices to perform audio, video, and graphic creation and editing.	multimedia
____ is the partitioning of a single server, each of which can support a different operating system.	Virtualization
A thread (or ____) can be defined as a unit smaller than a process, which can be scheduled and executed.	lightweight process
The name for the nucleus of an operating system is the ____.	kernel
____ are self-contained modules (units of software) that provide models of the real world and can be reused in different applications.	Objects

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