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Term | Definition |
Atomic radii decrease as atomic numbers increase in any given period | Effective nuclear charge, Zeff, increases the attraction of the nucleus and therefore pulls the electron cloud closer to the nucleus resulting in a smaller atomic radius. |
Atomic radii increase as atomic number increases down a column or group | Increased number of energy levels (n) increases the distance over which the nucleus must attract and therefore reduces the attraction for electrons. or Full energy levels provide some shielding between the nucleus and valence electrons. |
Ionization energy increases as atomic number increases in any given period | Effective nuclear charge, Zeff, increases the attraction of the nucleus and therefore holds the electrons more tightly. |
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