BIO 377 Carla #1 Word Scramble

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Question	Answer
In chemical communication between cells, a _____ cell secretes a chemical messenger that binds to ____ on the ____ cell.	secretory Receptors target
Direct communication between cells in contact with one another is accomplished through	gap junctions
Which is the most general type of chemical messenger that is released form one cell and binds to receptors on neighboring cells?	paracrine
Which type of chemical messenger, when released, binds to receptors on the cell that released the chemical messenger?	autocrine
Which type of chemical messenger is released into the bloodstream by an endocrine gland where it can affect target cells throughout the body?	hormone
Which type of chemical messenger is released from the axon terminal of a neuron and directly stimulates other cells?	neurotransmitter
Communication across a synapse is initiated by the release of a neurotransmitter from ____ region of the neuron	axon terminal
Vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone), which is released from the posterior pituitary, is an example of this type of chemical messenger	neurohormone
Interlukins and interferons are examples of _____ released form white blood cells	cytokine
Which of the following classes of chemical messengers moves to the target cell by diffusion? paracrine hromone neurotransmitter both paracrine and neurotransmitter all of these	both paracrine and neurotransmitter
Which of the following classes of chemical messengers travels in the bloodstream to the target cell paracrine hormone neurotransmitter both paracrine and hormone all of these	hormone
Which of the following chemical messengers is lipophilic	prostaglandin
Histamine acts as a(n) ___ in inflammation	paracrine
Which of the following chemical messengers is not derived from an amino acid? a. epinephrine b. testosterone c. histamine d. thyroid hormones e. both testosterone and thyroid hormones	testosterone
For which of the following chemical classes do all the messengers function as hormones?	steroids
Release of which of the following classes of chemical messengers occurs by exocytosis?	catecholamines
catecholamines are derived from what amino acid	tryosine
thyroid hormones are synthesized from what amino acid	tryosine
which of the following classes of chemical messengers is stored in secretory vesicle	both catecholamines and peptides/proteins
one a steroid is synthesized, it is _______.	immediately capable of diffusing across a membrane
where in the cell are peptide/protein messengers packaged into secretory vesicles	golgi apparatus
an equilibrium exists between a hormone that is bound to a carrier protein and a free hormone such that, as the amount of free hormone increases, ____.	more free hormone will become bound to carrier proteins
Hormones that are dissolved in blood typically exhibit a half-life on the order of ____, whereas hormones that are bound to carrier proteins can remain undegraded for_____.	minutes : hours
The adrenergic receptor has the greatest affinity for____.	epinephrine and norepinephrine equally
chronic exposure to a ligand (messenger) ____ the receptor population for tthat chemical messenger on the target cell	downregulates
Lipophilic hormones are transported in blood _____ and bind to receptors located _____.	bound to carrier proteins proteins : inside the target cell
a molecule that is similar in structure to a ligand (messenger and binds with that ligand's receptor to stimulate a response from the target cell is called a(n) _____.	agonist
the affinity of a receptor for its ligand is a measure of	the strength of binding between ligand and receptor

Created by: kylie.thibodeauharve