CHILD DEVELOPMENT Test
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| A. the Piagetian object-permanence concept in which an infant progressing into substage 4 makes frequent mistakes, selecting the familiar hiding place (A) rather than the new hiding place (B)B. a facet of preoperational thought, the belief that inanimate objects have “lifelike” qualities and are capable of actionC. the first of Piaget’s stages, which lasts from birth to about 2 years of age; infants construct an understanding of the world by coordinating sensory experiences (such as seeing and hearing) with motoric actionsD. the second substage of preoperational thought, occurring between approximately 4 and 7 years of age. Children begin to use primitive reasoning and want to know the answers to all sorts of questionsE. the part of adolescent egocentrism that involves an adolescent’s sense of uniqueness and invincibilityF. In Piaget’s theory, actions or mental representations that organize knowledgeG. a mechanism that Piaget proposed to explain how children shift from one stage of thought to the next. The shift occurs as children experience cognitive conflict or disequilibrium in trying to understand the world. Eventually, they resolve the conflict andH. the idea that an amount stays the same regardless of how its container changesI. Piagetian concept of the incorporation of new information into existing knowledge (schemes)J. Piaget’s third stage, which lasts from approximately 7 to 11 years of age; children can perform operations, and logical reasoning replaces intuitive reasoning as long as the reasoning as long as the reasoning can be applied to specific, concrete examplesK. Piaget’s formal operational concept that adolescents have the cognitive ability to develop hypotheses about ways to solve problems and can systematically deduce which is the best path to follow in solving the problemL. the heightened self-consciousness of adolescents, which is reflected in adolescents’ beliefs that others are as interested in them as they are in themselves, and in adolescents’ sense of personal uniqueness and invincibilityM. Vygotsky term for tasks too difficult for children to master alone but that can be mastered with assistanceN. if a relation holds between a first object and a second object, and holds between the second object and a third object, then it holds between the first object and the third object. Piaget believed that an understanding of transitivity is characteristic ofO. the aspect of adolescent egocentrism that involves attention-getting behavior motivated by desire to be noticed, visible, and “onstage”P. the second Piagetian developmental stage, which lasts from about 2 to 7 years of age; children begin to represent the world with words, images, and drawingsQ. an emphasis on the social contexts of learning and the construction of knowledge through social interaction. Vygotsky theory reflects this approachR. Piaget’s fourth and final stage, which occurs between the ages of 11 and 15; individuals move beyond concrete experiences and think in more abstract and logical waysS. Piaget’s concept of grouping isolated behaviors into a higher-order, more smoothly functioning cognitive system; the grouping or arranging of items into categoriesT. Piaget’s concept that similar abilities do not appear at the same time within a stage of development |
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Jessica C