RADT 334- UNIT 3
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| A material that can conduct an electric current or not, depending on the voltage applied across that material. | semiconductor
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| An electronic device designed to terminate x-ray exposure after properly exposing an image receptor. | AEC
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| A method of adjusting the voltage to the x-ray imaging system to a constant value, in response to changes in voltage supplied by the power company. | line compensation
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| An electrical circuit device that stores electric charge. | capacitor
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| Place in the tube circuit, connected at the center of the secondary winding of the high-voltage step-up transformer in series with the x-ray tube. This reduces the possibility of shock. | mA meter location
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| An electrical device that contains two electrodes. | diode
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| The fluctuation in the voltage applied to the x-ray tube expressed as a percentage of peak kilovoltage. | voltage ripple
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| The process of changing alternating current and voltage into direct current and voltage. | rectification
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| A type of transformer having a single winding. | autotransformer
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| The product of voltage and current; Watt. | power
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| 220 V is supplied across 1200 windings of the primary coil of the autotransformer. If 1650 windings are tapped, what voltage will be supplied to the primary coil of the high-voltage transformer? | 302.5 V
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| A kVp meter reads 86 kVp and the turns ratio of the high-voltage step-up transformer is 1200. What is the true voltage across the meter? | 71.7 volt peak
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| The supply voltage from the autotransformer to the filament transformer is 60 V. If the turns ratio of the filament transformer is 1/12, what is the filament voltage? | 5 V
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| If the current in the primary of the filament transformer was 0.5 A with a turns ratio of 1/12, what would be the filament current? | 6 amps
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| The supply to a high-voltage step-up transformer with a turns ratio of 550 is 190 V. What is the voltage across the x-ray tube? | 104.5 kV
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| Allows relatively undiminished intensity of x-rays through the tabletop. | 90/20 table
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| List the 5 major controls on the operator's console. | On/off control, kVp selection, mAs selection, time (mAs) selection, and automatic-exposure controls.
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| Purpose of the autotransformers. | to vary and control the amplitude of the voltage supplied to the high-voltage step-up transformer and the filament transformer.
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| Primary/secondary voltage relationship in autotransformers. | Direct relation to the number of turns of the transformer.
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| What the prereading kVp meter allows. | The precise adjustment of the supply voltage and monitoring the kVp before the x-ray exposure.
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| 200 mA and 1/60 of a second equals what mAs? | 3.3
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| 600 mA and 30 milliseconds equals what mAs? | 18
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| What is the difference between high voltage transformer and high voltage generator? | The high-voltage transformer is just one component of a high-voltage generator.
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| In order that a reverse voltage is not applied across the x-ray tube and that the tube operates most efficiently, x-ray tubes use ____ current. | direct
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| Direct current is archived in the x-ray circuit through? | rectification
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| Voltage ripple of single-phase generator. | 100%
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| Voltage ripple of three-phase, six-pulse generator. | 14%
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| Voltage ripple of three-phase, twelve-pulse generator. | 4%
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| Voltage ripple of high-frequency generator. | 1%
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| 0.7(mA)(kVp)/1000 is the equation for computing _____ power rating. | single-phase
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| (mA)(kVp)/1000 is the equation for computing ____ or ____ power ratings. | three-phase, high-frequency
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| Graph showing the cooling rate of an x-ray tube housing. | housing cooling chart
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| Radiation emitted through the x-ray tube housing (other than the primary beam). | leakage radiation
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| Measure of heat capacity (1HU=1AVs=1Ws=1J). | heat unit
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| Shroud inside the x-ray tube surrounding the cathode to concentrate electrons on the focal spot. | focusing cup
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| Anode rotation speed. | 3400 rpm or 10,000 rpm
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| Tungsten alloyed with thorium. | Thoriated tungsten
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| Cathode to anode electron flow. | x-ray tube current
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| X-ray tube capable of high speed switching. Voltage applied to the focusing cup is the switch. | grid-controlled x-ray tube
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| Method of heat transfer by a moving fluid medium(liquid or gas). | convection
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| Electron cloud in the vicinity of the filament. | space charge.
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| Three methods used to support the x-ray tube. | Floor, wall, or ceiling mounted.
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| Where thoriated tungsten would be used in a x-ray imaging system. | cathode and anode
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| When all available electrons are projected from the cathode to the anode. | saturation current
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| Why are arcing and tube failure no longer a problem in modern x-ray tube design? | heavy filaments and high capacity anodes
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| Pass an electric current to heat a conductor and cause outer-shell electrons to be released from the conductor. | thermionic emission
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| Principal cause of tube failure. | broken filament
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| What addition to the filament material prolongs tube life? | thorium
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| Why is the filament embedded in the focusing cup? | To electrostatically shape the beam
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| Why would an x-ray tube need a large focal spot? | high intensity radiation
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| Why would an x-ray tube need a small focal spot? | better spatial resolution
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| Negative side of the x-ray tube. | cathode
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| positive side of the x-ray tube | anode
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| Name 2 types of anodes. | Fixed and rotating
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| Three functions of the anode. | X-ray tube target, electrical and thermal conductor, and mechanical support.
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| How does atomic number affect the selection of anode target materials? | high atomic number=efficient x-ray production.
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| How does thermal conductivity affect the selection of anode target material? | thermal conductivity=heat dissipation
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| How does melting point affect the selection of anode target material? | melting point=heat capacity
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| How does the anode rotate inside a glass enclosure with no mechanical connection to the outside? | induction motor
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| Higher x-ray intensity on the cathode side. | Anode heel effect
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| How can anode heel effect be used advantageously? | positioning thicker anatomy on cathode side
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| Name three causes of tube failure. | cracked or pitted anode, induction motor failure, and open filament.
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| How can space charge be removed? | increase kVp
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| X-ray tube locking-in at center and at a given SID. | detent position
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| a material that transmits x-rays and appears dark on a radiograph. | radiolucent
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