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7H Science Revision Rocks and Minerals Flashcard

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Question
Answer
What type of rock is Granite?   Igneous Rock  
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What type of rock is Gneiss?   Metamorphic Rock  
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How do you make a rock turn transparent?   slice them thinly enough and use a microscope to look through them  
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When rocks weather because of acid rain what is this process called?   Chemical Weathering  
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What is Biological Weathering?   When plants grow in cracks of rocks, the roots grow and expands the crack then breaking it  
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What is Physical Weathering?   When rocks clash into each other or when the desert heat expands it then at night the cold air freezes it causing it to weather slightly  
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Which one of these rocks weather quicker? Granite or Limestone   Limestone  
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What are tiny pieces of rock that are drifted by rivers, lakes and streams called?   Sediment  
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What is deposited?   Sediments carried by water ir ice are dropped (deposited) when the water slows down, or when ice melts  
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What is the process of rocks being moved by other rocks away from their original place called?   Erosion  
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What is Abrasion?   When sediments are deposited in a river or stream the water moves them randomly which results in them bumping each other and weathering away slowly  
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How are Sedimentary rocks formed?   when sediments are deposited onto rivers and sink under the bed of the sea and over time more layers of sediments cover it, and over time the pressure of the sediments squashing the sediments underneath froces the grains to be closer together  
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What is the white powder on limestones called?   Calcium Carbonate  
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What is Cementation?   if the water in the sediment contains dissolved minerals, the minerals can crystallise in the gaps as a ''glue'' that cements the grains together, Compaction and Cementation together change sediments into sedimentary rocks  
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What are the 3 Fossil Fuels?   Coal, Oil and Natural Gases  
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How are Oil and Natural Gases made?   when tiny sea plants and animals became buried by sediments  
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