CHEM 126 Final
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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relationship between forward and reverse rexn rates at equilibrium | rate(forward) = rate(reverse)
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expression for equilibrium constant (Keq) | [C]c*[D]d/[A]a*[B]b = Keq
* all elements at eq
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expression for reaction quotient (Q) | [C]c*[D]d/[A]a*[B]b = Q
* all elements at t (point in time)
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solids/liquids in equilibrium constant | - solids/liquids not calculated for K/Q -> won't affect equation
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Determine Keq when... | - reverse reaction: negative Kc
- multiply rxn by constant: multiply Kc by factor
- Adding multiple rxns: Qoverall = Q1 x Q2 x Q3 VS Koverall = K1 x K2 x K3
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compare Q & K, what direction will it proceed in? | - Q < K -> need to make more product, go right
- Q > K -> need to make more reactant, go left
- Q = K -> rxn at equilibrium
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concentration vs pressure values for K or Q | - Kp = Kc(RT)^ (change number gas moles)
- Kc = values in concentration, mol/L
- Kp = values in pressure, atm or Pa
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Le Chatelier's principle | - chem system at equilibrium disturbs -> reattains equation by undergoing a net rxn that decreases effect of disturbance
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Concentration changes (le chateliers principle) | - - concentration change: direction changes to re-establish original rations, no effect on K
- Volume decrease by 1/2 -> conc. increase by 2
- Volume increase -> pressure becomes lower -> total number of gas molecules increase
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pressure changes (le chateliers principle) | - pressure change: change to reestablish original P ration, no effect on K (only for gases)
- Increase: shift to side with less gas moles
- Decrease: shift to side with larger gas moles
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[A] -> B + heat | - endothermic
- temp increases because system absorbs heat by decomposing B -> increase Kc
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[A] <- B + heat = endothermic | - temp increases because system absorbs heat by decomposing B -> increase Kc
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catalyst | - non direction change/effect on K
- rate forward increase -> reverse rate increase
- get to same place faster
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calculate new value of K at different temps | ln(k2/k1) = (-∆Hrxn/r)*)(1/T2 - 1/T1)
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ccottrel
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