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Ch 8 Review MCs

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Question
Answer
What causes the solar heating of Earth to have seasonal variations?   tilt of Earth's axis  
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What is true of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ)?   it is also called the meteorological equator and doldrums; in the summer it is further north; in the winter it is further south or closer to the equator; has warm, moist surface winds; has seasonal changes where warm air rises; rains a lot  
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What moves the water evaporated from the ocean's surface?   wind  
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How many atmospheric cells are present in each hemisphere?   3  
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Extratropical cyclones (nor'easters;northeasters) form between which two types of atmospheric cells?   Polar (easterlies;trade winds) and Ferrel (westerlies; surface winds)?  
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What occurs at the boundaries of circulation cells?   vertical air movement  
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Why is air never completely dry?   the relative abundance of water vapor ensures air is never completely dry  
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What caused the greatest loss of life and property during Hurricane Katrina?   storm surge  
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Why does the heat budget vary with latitude?   angling of the sun at varying latitudes of the Earth  
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Where are the more complex atmospheric cells located?   mid-latitudes  
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Which is not an example of a tropical cyclone?   nor'easter  
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How do seasons affect the surface winds?   northern winter:surface winds shift south northern summer:surface winds shift north  
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What is a cause of atmospheric circulation?   the Coriolis effect  
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If a ship is trying to sell from the eastern United States to Europe, what route would be the most efficient to take?   Going north takes advantage of the westerlies  
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Why are east-west variation patterns more pronounced in the middle latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere?   land and water are present in equal amounts  
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Which are the most persistent surface winds?   trade winds or easterlies  
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What causes most of the differences in winds in comparison to normal surface wind directions?   the geographical distribution of landmasses, the different responses of land and ocean to solar heating, and chaotic flow  
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Where do tropical cyclones come from?   a single warm, humid air mass  
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What occurs when air is subjected to less pressure?   it expands (assuming it's at a constant temperature)  
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Where do the most intense summer monsoons occur?   Asia  
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What is not a factor in the amount of light penetrating the ocean?   Are factors: the angle at which it approaches, the sea state (surface turbulence), and the presence of an ice covering or light-colored foam  
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Horse latitudes at sea correspond to ____ on land.   deserts  
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What determines the availability of energy in a tropical cyclone?   warm water  
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Why are there multiple atmospheric cells as air moves from the equator to the poles instead of one single cell?   there are intermediate precipitation events that break up the winds  
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What is the term for a pattern of wind circulation that changes with season?   monsoon  
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What is the residence time of water vapor in the lower atmosphere?   10 days  
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What made the 2005 hurricane season so unusual?   there were 28 of them, they developed quickly, and they remained strong for a long time  
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What is the name given by sailors to the area where Hadley cells converge?   doldrums  
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What is a storm surge?   a movement of water due to low atmospheric pressure  
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What is the tendency of pausing air masses over land?   taking on the characteristics of the land  
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