anatomy final respiratory system
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| anatomically the respiratory system consists of? | show 🗑
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| functionally the respiratory syst can be dividedinto? | show 🗑
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| show | transports air
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| respiratory portion of repiratory system | show 🗑
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| conducting portion includes | show 🗑
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| respiratory portion is composed of | show 🗑
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| show | breathing also called pulmonary bentilation
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| two cyclic phases of breathing | show 🗑
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| respiration cycle | show 🗑
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| functions of resp system? | show 🗑
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| show | negative
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| exhale by ___ pressure | show 🗑
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| inspiration | show 🗑
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| show | exhalation
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| show | prior to reaching tiny air sacs of lungs, the gases are warmed, humidified and cleansed of particulate matter through contact with the resp epithelium
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| show | sound
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| show | nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, teeth lips tongue
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| crqanial nerve 1 (_____) relies upon _____ in upper nasal mucous membranes | show 🗑
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| ridges in nose | show 🗑
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| show | trapping foreign debris in mucus and destroying microbes with lysozyme
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| show | enzyme that destroys microbial cell walls
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| cystic fibrosis | show 🗑
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| show | twisted pathways through teh nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, cause inhaled air to becom very turbulent during inhalation
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| show | inhaled molecules that dissolvein the mucus overlying othe olfactory epithelium
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| describe the structure of the respiratory system that help protect body against airborns infection? | show 🗑
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| show | inhaled dust, microbes, insects and pollen
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| show | large quantities of irritating materials enter
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| show | nose and nasal cavity, paranasal sinus, pharynx (throat)
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| the _____ is the main conducting airway for inhaled air. | show 🗑
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| show | nasal bones that form bridge of the nose
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| show | cartilaginous portion of the nose
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| show | paired nostrils (external nares)
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| show | nasal cavity
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| the nasal cavity is continuous posteriorly with teh | show 🗑
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| roof of nasal cavity is formed by | show 🗑
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| show | horizontal plate of maxillae, horizontal portions of palatine bones
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| show | vestibule
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| show | vibrissae, help trap large particles
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| nasal cavity is lined with? | show 🗑
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| show | olfactory epithelium (numerous chemorecep)
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| nasal septum | show 🗑
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| show | conchae (turbinates - b/c create turbulence in inhaled air)
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| show | that air remains in the nasal cavity for a longer time, so that the air becomes warmed and humidified
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| show | just inferior to the inferior nasal conchae
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| show | filtration, conditioning, olfaction, RESONATING CHAMBER contributes to sound production
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| paranasal sinuses decrease | show 🗑
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| all sinuses communicate with the nasal cavity by ducts and are lined by? | show 🗑
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| paranasal sinuses | show 🗑
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| pharynx | show 🗑
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| shape of pharynx | show 🗑
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| pharynx originates________ and extends inferiorly ______ | show 🗑
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| cockroach walks into the nose of a person what is he going to see on the ceiling of the nasal cavity? | show 🗑
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| show | common pathway for both inhaled and exhaled air adn for ingested food
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| show | mucosa and contain skeletal muscles taht are primarily used for swallosing
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| show | nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
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| show | vomer (ethmoid is a cranial bone)
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| show | posterior part of the oral cavity
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| normall only ____ passes through the nasopharynx | show 🗑
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| food and drink are blocked from entering the nasopharynx by elevation of? | show 🗑
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| what connect the nasopharynx to the middle ear so air pressure can be equalized behind the ear drum? | show 🗑
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| show | pharyngeal tonsil (adenoids)
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| adenoids | show 🗑
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| middle pharyngeal region | show 🗑
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| show | soft palate, hyoid bone
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| show | sup and nasal conchae of ethmoid
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| show | common resp and digest pathway throguh widh both air and swallowed food and drink pass
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| the epithelium of oropharynx contains? | show 🗑
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| what is the name of the pair of paranasal sinuses that are not in a cranial bone? | show 🗑
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| show | paranasal cavity
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| which sinus is the wost drainage? | show 🗑
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| lymphatic organs in the oropharynx function? | show 🗑
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| name the lymphatic organsin the oropharynx | show 🗑
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| inferior narrowed region of pharynx | show 🗑
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| where does the laryngopharynx terminate | show 🗑
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| laryngopharynx is lined with? | show 🗑
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| show | travel up eustacian tube from nasopharynx
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| _____ rises upward with teh _____ during swallowing | show 🗑
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| the ___ are tne massees of lymphatic tissue you see at the back of the oropharynx while the _____ are not apparent and are located int he nasopharynx | show 🗑
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| show | conduction airways as well as the srepiratiory portion of resp system
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| larynx | show 🗑
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| show | ant nares, septal cartilate, flood of nasal cavity, vest, inf nasal conchae, pose nares, uvula soft palate, tongue, teeth, come out past mobile labia out buccal cavity
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| describe the larynx | show 🗑
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| larynx is bound superiorly by the ____ and posterioly by the ____ nad inferiorly by the _____. | show 🗑
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| superior aspect of larynx is lined with? | show 🗑
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| inferior to the vocal cords,the larynx lining becomes a ? | show 🗑
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| show | prevents swallows materials formentering lower resp tract, conduc air into the lower resp tract, produces sounds
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| show | framework of nine piece sof cartilage that are held in place by liganaments and muscles
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| the voice box is shapedmore like a ? | show 🗑
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| show | adams apple (secondary sexually characteristic of males)
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| bellow thyroid cartilage | show 🗑
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| show | is a complete ring (unusual)
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| show | the esophagus
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| largest cartilage of larynx is the | show 🗑
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| thyroid cartilage forms the _____ walls of hte larynx | show 🗑
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| show | posterior component and if formed from hylanine cartilage
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| laryngeal prominence | show 🗑
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| overall growth of the thyroid cartilage is stimulated by the ? | show 🗑
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| cricoid cartilage forms the | show 🗑
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| show | hylaine cartilage
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| show | attaches the cricoid cart to the inderior edge of the thyroid cartilage
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| where is the cricothyroid ligament? | show 🗑
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| cricothyrotomy | show 🗑
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| incisions of cricothyrotomy | show 🗑
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| show | elastic cartilage
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| what is cut in a cricothyrotomy (or cric) | show 🗑
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| show | pharynx from its attch to the thyroid cartilage
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| show | laryngeal opening, preventing materials from entering the larynx
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| during swallowint he the larynx ____ and moves forward while the epiglottis is bent _____ to cover the underlying glottis | show 🗑
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| show | inferiorly
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| show | epiglottis
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| laryngoscope | show 🗑
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| show | vestibular ligaments, vocal ligaments
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| show | superior ligaments of the larynx
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| vocal ligamnets | show 🗑
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| vestibular folds | show 🗑
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| show | "true vocal cords", vocal ligaments along witht eh mucous membrane covering them - THEY PRODUCE SOUND WHEN AIR PASSEES BETWEEN THEN
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| the tip of the laryngoscope either pivots the ____ anteriorly at its baseo r actually touches the epiglottis to pull it _______. In bothe instances the epiglottis moves away from teh ____ and makes it easier to look down into the _____. | show 🗑
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| false vocal cords | show 🗑
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| show | vocal ligaments
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| show | vocal cords
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| true vocal cords vibrate when air is passed over them and produce _____. | show 🗑
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| vocal cords of males are longer, vibrate more slowly than those of _____ and produce lower _____. | show 🗑
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| show | opening between the vocal folds
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| show | abducted, narrower, adducted
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| if you're trying to intubate a baby | show 🗑
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| show | rima glottidis plus the vocal folds.
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| show | vibrate, sound
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| what determines the quality of the sound? | show 🗑
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| show | length of the vocal folds
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| ___ is determined by the tightness or tautness of the vocal folds | show 🗑
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| loudness is depends on the? | show 🗑
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| as we grow our vocal folds increase in _____, resulting in? | show 🗑
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| under the influence of testosterone? | show 🗑
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| show | intrinsic laryngeal muscles
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| show | higher sound, lower the pitch of sound
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| lot of air forced throug ht erima glottidis produces? little air forced throug proudces? | show 🗑
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| show | only the most posterior portion of the rima glottidis is opena nd the vocal cords do nott vibrate
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| show | whisper
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| why is it that all whisper sounds are the same pitch? | show 🗑
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| show | shorter, smaller vocal folds, produce higher voices
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| when a male goes throught puberty what occurs to his voice? | show 🗑
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| recognizable speech requires the participation of numerous structures | show 🗑
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| show | male soprano's, cut of testes to keep high voices
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| why is it that children have high, nasal-like voices? | show 🗑
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| show | flexible, slightly rigid tubular organ often referred to as the windpipe
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| show | mediastinum, esophagus, larynx, brochi
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| windpipe | show 🗑
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| show | C-shaped hyaline cartilage rings with the open part of the C facing posteriorly to allow the esophagus to bulge anteriorly when food is passing down teh esophagus
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| show | posteriorly, to allow the esophagus to bulge anteriorly when food is passing down the esophagus
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| if the C-shaped hyaline cartilages weren't there what would occur to your trachea | show 🗑
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| tracheal cartilages | show 🗑
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| the open ends of each C-shaped piece are bound together by the? | show 🗑
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| show | airflow by narrowing the diameter of trachea
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| show | when you're trying to expel a foreign object or mucus (coughing)
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| show | coughing and sneezing, internal intercostals, abdominal muscles, diaphragm, trachealis muscle
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| show | ciliated epithelium and mucus secreting cells (dus and foreign particles are swept up into the pharynx where the mucus is either coughed out or swallowed
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| show | ciliated epith and mucus secreting cells sweeping up dust and foreign particles
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| at the level of the sternal angel the trachea? | show 🗑
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| much of what you inhale everyday you ___- | show 🗑
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| show | vertical, more acute angle (because of the heart)
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| show | because objects are more likely to lodge in the right lung as it is more of a straight down route
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| show | right, left
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| carina | show 🗑
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| show | when you vomit something up and then breath it into lungs
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| show | highly branched system of air-conducting passages taht orginate from teh l and r primary bronchi and progressively branch into narrower tubes as they diverge
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| if we're talking about the respiratory tree what is the trunk? two main branches? | show 🗑
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| show | conduct air
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| show | incomplete rings of hyaline cartilage, ensure they remain open
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| primary bronchi enter into the medialsurface of the lungs together with the J_____, ____ and _____ | show 🗑
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| show | medial surface of the lung
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| primary bronchi branches into? | show 🗑
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| lft lung has ____ secondary braonchi | show 🗑
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| show | three, has three lobes
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| secondary bronchi divide into | show 🗑
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| show | cartilage rings or cilia
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| all bronchi have ___- | show 🗑
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| show | ciliated epithelium
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| a ________ develops between the mucosa of the airways and tthe cartilaginous support in the wall | show 🗑
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| since bronchioles contain no cartilage rings, what prevents them from collapsing? | show 🗑
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| show | thicker layer of smooth muscle than large bronchi
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| bronchoconstriction | show 🗑
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| show | smooth muscle relaxation dilates bronchioles
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| show | final segment of the conducting pathway, conduct air into the resp portion of the resp system
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| the airways that are easiest to collapse are the? | show 🗑
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| respiratory portion of respiratory system consists of? | show 🗑
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| show | bronchioles narrowing
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| show | the final portionof the conducting system and conduct air to the respiratory portion of the resp syste
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| describe the epithelium in the resp portion of resp system? | show 🗑
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| show | resp bronchioles and the alveolar ducts
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| how are the thin walled alveoli specialized? | show 🗑
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| oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the _____ so it can be carried by teh _____ ot the body's metabolically active tissues | show 🗑
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| co2 diffuses out of the ______ in to the _____ so it can be expired | show 🗑
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| show | 300-400 million
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| show | packing of millions of alveoli together
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| alveolar macrophages | show 🗑
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| lungs house | show 🗑
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| show | mediastinum
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| show | visceral pleura
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| internal thoarcic walls, lateral surfaces of mediatinum and sup srf of diaphragms | show 🗑
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| final portion of the conducting system? | show 🗑
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| show | alveoli
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| show | hilum of each lung
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| potential space between serous membrane layers | show 🗑
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| show | alveolar macrophages
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| show | pleural cavity, teh visceral and parietal pleurae are almost in contact with eachother
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| if you have a collapsed lung | show 🗑
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| show | partial vaccuum
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| the parietal and visceral pleura move as a ____unless? | show 🗑
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| pneumothorax | show 🗑
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| right lung is divided into | show 🗑
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| feft lung is subdivided into the? | show 🗑
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| show | bronchopulmonary , each with own tertiary bronchus
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| the deoxygenated blood that enters teh pulmonary capillaries becomes _____ before it returns to the lft atrium through a series of pulm venules and veins | show 🗑
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| systemic circulation of lungs consists of | show 🗑
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| approx three or four tiny __________ branch from teh anterior wall of the descending thoracic aorta and divide to form capillary beds to supply strux int eh bronchial tree | show 🗑
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| increasingly larger ______ collect venous blood from these same strx and drain into the ________ | show 🗑
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| lymph nodes and vessels of the lungs are located where? | show 🗑
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| the lymph nodes collect _________ that were not filtered out by the ciliated epithelium of the lung | show 🗑
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| lymphatic drainage of right lung drains into the _________, while the lymphatic drainageof hte lefts lung drains into the ______. | show 🗑
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| inspiration | show 🗑
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| _____ nerve stim diaphragm | show 🗑
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| show | out and down and the visceral pleura with the attch lung, follows (air is pulled in by neg pressure)
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| show | PASSIVE PROCESS, caused by teh elastic recoil of teh lung tissues. This causes the ribs to move down and in and the diaph to be pulled up.
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| in order to passively exhale a person has to? | show 🗑
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| the internal intercostals can be used for ____ exhalation | show 🗑
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| show | breathing
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| show | (blank)
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| the lungs are innervated by? | show 🗑
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| show | bronchodilation
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| main funct of the parasympathetic innervation of the lungs is? | show 🗑
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| teh involuntary, rhythmic activities taht deoliver and remove resp gases are regulated in the | show 🗑
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| regulatory respiratory centers are located in? | show 🗑
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| show | pons
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| show | medulla oblongata
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| smoking and pollution can lead to | show 🗑
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| a decrease in elastic connective tissue, reduces the amoun of | show 🗑
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| show | carbon particles in the cells
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