Anatomy chapter 6

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The type of bone that is made of osteons is

compact

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The type of bone that is NOT made of osteons is

spongy

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Flat and irregular bones are made primarily of

spongy

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The shafts of long bones are made primarily of

compact

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New bone matrix for growth is produced by cells called

osteoblasts

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Reabsorption of bone matrix is the function of the cells called

osteoclasts

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The function of osteoblasts is to

produce bone matrix

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The function of osteoclasts is to

reabsorb bone matrix

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Red bone marrow produces

RBCs,WBCs,platelets

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All of the kinds of blood cells are produced in the

red bone marrow

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The primary hemopoietic tissue is

red bone marrow

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The type of bone marrow that is found in flat and irregular bones is

red bone marrow

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The embryonic cranial bones are first made of

fibrous connective

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In the embryo, the cells that produce bone matrix are

osteoblasts

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The fontanels of an infant skull are made of

fibrous connective tissue

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The embryonic humerus and femur are both made of

cartilage

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In a child's long bones, growth occurs at the

epiphyseal discs

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On the epiphysis side of an epiphyseal disc, the process taking place is the

epiphyseal discs

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On the diaphysis side of an epiphyseal disc, the process taking place is

replacement of cartilage by bone

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The inherited maximum height a child can attain is called the

genetic potential

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Calcium and phosphorus are nutrients necessary to become part of the bone

matrix

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The nutrient needed for the absorption of calcium in the small intestine is

vitamin D

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Two vitamins necessary for the calcification process in growing bones are

A and C

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The hormone that increases the reabsorption of calcium from bones is

parathyroid hormone

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The hormone that decreases the reabsorption of calcium from bones is

calcitonin

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Calcium is needed in the blood for the process of

clotting

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The hormone in women that promotes closure of the epiphyseal discs is

estrogen

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The hormone in men that promotes closure of the epiphyseal discs is

testosterone

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The hormone that provides energy for bone growth from all three food types is

thyroxine

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The hormone that provides energy for bone growth only from glucose is

insulin

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The hormone that contributes to bone growth by increasing the rate of mitosis is

growth hormone

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The hormones that contribute to bone growth by increasing the rate of protein synthesis are

thyroxine and growth hormone

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Two hormones that provide the ATP production needed for growing bones are

insulin and thyroxine

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One function of the occipital and parietal bones is the same in that they

protect the brain

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The bone that protects the receptors for hearing is the

temporal bone

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Two bones that protect the eye are the

frontal and sphenoid

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The air cavities in the maxillae and frontal bones are called

paranasal sinuses

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Two bones that contain paranasal sinuses are the

frontal and maxilla

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The paranasal sinuses are lined with

ciliated epithelium

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The sinus in the skull that does NOT provide resonance for the voice is the

mastoid sinus

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The heart and liver are protected from mechanical injury by the

rib cage

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The manubrium and xiphoid process are both parts of the

sternum

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The rib cage with its muscles is directly involved in the functioning of the

respiratory system

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The vertebral column contains and protects the

spinal cord

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The shoulder joint is formed by the

humerus and scapula

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The hip joint is formed by the

femur and hip bone

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The shoulder and hip joints are similar in that both are

ball-and-socket joints

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The glenoid fossa and the acetabulum are both part of

ball-and-socket joints

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The type of joint that permits the greatest range of movement is the

ball-and-socket joints

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The type of joint that does not permit movement is the

suture

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The humerus and ulna form a

hinge joint

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The femur and tibia form a

hinge joint

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The two pubic bones form a

symphysis jonit

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The atlas and the axis form a

pivot joint

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The ulna and radius form a

pivot joint

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The metacarpal of the thumb and the adjacent carpal form a

saddle joint

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The parietal and temporal bones form a

suture joint

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The mandible and temporal bone form a

condyloid joint

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The function of synovial fluid is to

prevent friction

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Preventing friction in a joint cavity is the function of

synovial fluid

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The bone surfaces in a synovial joint are smooth because of the presence of

articular cartilages

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The function of a bursa in a joint is to permit the sliding of a

tendon

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Of pivot, saddle, and suture joints, the one that is not a synovial joint is the

suture

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Of condyloid, gliding, and symphysis joints, the one that is not a synovial joint is the

symphysis

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what is the bone features of Foramen

hole opening

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what is the bone features of Fossa

dent

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what is the bone features of Crest

edge

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what is the bone features of meatus

passage way

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what is the bone features of process

a projection

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what is the bone features of facet

a flat projection

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what is the bone features of condyle

rounded projection

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what is the bone features of plate

flat projection

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what is the bone features

round projection

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what is the bone features

round projection

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what is the function of the skull

to protect the brain

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what is the function of the ribs

to protect the heart and lungs

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what provides a smooth surface when joints are moved

cartilage

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the process of bone replacement of another tissue is called

ossification

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the production of bone matrix is accomlished by cells called

osteoblasts

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in the embryo the cranial and fcial bones are first made of which tissue

fibrous connective tissue

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necessary for the process of bone formation

vitamin C & A

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becomes part of the collagen in bone matrix

protein

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becomes part of the salts of bone matrix

calcium and phoshorus

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necessary for the adsorption of calcium and phosphorus in the small intesine

vitamin D

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what hormone lowers the blood calcim level

calcitonin

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what hormone raises the blood calcim level

parathyriod

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what hormone causes bones to stop growing

estrogen

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name two organs in the upper abdominal cavity that are protected from mechanical injury by the rib cage

liver and spleen

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which of these two bones forms the socket for the humerus

scapula

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the carometacarpal joint of the thumb is what type of joint

saddle

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lines the joint capsule and secretes synovial fluid

synovial membrane

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prevents friction within the joint cavity

synovial fluid

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made of fibrous connective tissue encloses the joint like a sleeve

joint capsule

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saca of synovial fluid that permit tendons to slide easily across a joint

bursae

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provides a smooth surface on the joint surface of bones

articular cartilage

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the largest bone of the arm and leg are

humerus/femur

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the nutrients that become part of the bone matrix are

calcium and phosphorus

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what hormone increases the rate of mitosis in growing bones

thyroxine

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In the longest bone of a child the part of the bone that is actually growing is the

epiphyseal disc

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Created by: erickson_ashley11