science flashcards 2
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
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| nucleus | in physical science, an atoms central region, which is made up of protons and neutrons
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| electron cloud | The region of negative charge surrounding an atomic nucleus that is associated with an atomic orbital.
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| proton | a subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is located in the nucleus of the atom;the number of protons in the nucleus is the atomic number, which determines the identity of an element
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| neutron | a subatomic particle that has no charge and that is located in the nucleus of the atom
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| electron | a subatomic particle that has a negative charge
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| atomic number | tells you how many protons are in an atom of the element
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| average atomic mass | The average mass of atoms of an element, calculated using the relative abundance of isotopes in a naturally-occurring element. It is the weighted average of the masses of naturally-occurring isotopes
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| mass number | the sum of the numbers of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
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| molar mass | The mass of one mole of a substance
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| molecular mass | A number equal to the sum of the atomic masses of the atoms in a molecule. The molecular mass gives the mass of a molecule relative to that of the 12C atom, which is taken to have a mass of 12.
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| isotope | an atom that has the same number of protons (or the same atomic number) as other atomsof the same element do but that has a different number of neutrons (and thus a different atomic mass)
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| ion | an atom, radical, or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and has a negative or posotive charge
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| cation | A cation is an ionic species with a positive charge.
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| anion | An ionic species having a negative charge.
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| mole | the SI base unitused to measure the amount of a subatance whose number of particles is the same a the number of atoms of carbon in exactly 12g of carbon-12
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| avagadro's number | Avogadro's number is the number of particles found in one mole of a substance. It is the number of atoms in exactly 12 grams of carbon-12. This experimentally determined value is approximately 6.022 x 1023 particles per mole.
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dfrance33
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