final study.
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| show | safe drug administration
The 10 rights ensure that the nurse has considered all of the details of safe medication administration.
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| show | PRN
PRN means as-needed
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| show | informed consent
To observe a client’s rights for informed consent, clients must be taught all aspects of drug therapy.
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| show | A : Gently press on the lacrimal duct.
By applying pressure on the inner canthus of the eye, the medication is less likely to be systemically absorbed.
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| A nurse is preparing to administer an IM injection to an 8-month-old infant. The primary intramuscular injection site for infants is the: 1. abdomen 2. dorsogluteal 3. deltoid 4. vastus lateralis | show 🗑
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| A nurse administers an injection using the Z-track method. The nurse instructs the patient that the Z-track technique is designed to accomplish which of the following? | show 🗑
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| A nurse is applying nitroglycerin ointment to a client. When applying medication topically, the nurse should: 1. apply medication liberally 2. avoid contact of the medication with the nurse’s skin 3. massage the area 4. have client apply medication | show 🗑
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| A nurse prepares to administer an ear medication to a 2-year-old child. The nurse correctly: | show 🗑
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| A nurse is ordered to administer a medication via the sublingual route. The nurse correctly places the medication: 1. in the buccal mucosa 2. under the tongue 3. between the teeth and gums 4. in a cup of water to dissolve | show 🗑
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| A client has been receiving pain medication secondary to surgery. Two weeks postoperatively, the client reports that “the medication doesn’t seem to work as well as it did.” The nurse should first assess for: | show 🗑
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| show | A : The old patch should be removed before applying the new patch.
This option is correct; the other options are not.
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| show | A : Use a 10-degree angle to insert a 25-gauge needle
This is the correct procedure for an intradermal injection.
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| A client returns to the nursing unit from conscious sedation after having a fracture set and placed in a cast. The client expresses pain 3 hours after the procedure. The choice of medication and route will be based on the following information: | show 🗑
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| show | A : 25-gauge needle, 45-degree angle
This is the correct angle and size for a subcutaneous injection.
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| A nurse is preparing to administer an ointment to the eye and is preparing the needed supplies. Select all of the following needed to complete this task: | show 🗑
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| The universally accepted, official name of a drug is known as the: 1. brand name 2. trade name 3. proprietary name 4. generic name | show 🗑
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| The current authoritative source for drug standards in the United States, revised every 5 years by a group of professional medical experts, is the: | show 🗑
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| show | A : nurse practice acts
Each state legislates the practice of nursing, including medication administration. These are the nurse practice acts.
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| A nurse is administering a controlled substance. The controlled substances are described in five categories (schedules). A substance that is medically accepted and has limited potential for dependence is schedule: 1. I 2. II 3. III 4. V | show 🗑
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| A client has been prescribed an expensive drug. If available, what drug group may be suggested to decrease drug cost with the health care provider’s approval? 1. generic drug 2. trade drug 3. brand drug 4. chemical drug | show 🗑
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| show | A : Discard wasted controlled substance; countersigning is not necessary
All wasted controlled substances must be witnessed during the wasting process and countersigned in order to ensure proper control.
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| show | A : categories A and B
This is the definition of these categories; the others are not considered safe.
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| A nurse is soliciting a history from a woman of childbearing years and the client believes she may be pregnant. She is taking a medication that the nurse discovers is category X. The description for pregnancy category X is: | show 🗑
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| show | A : determine the client’s rationales for refusing the medication
The nurse has a responsibility to respect the rights of the client. By assessing the client’s reasons, the nurse upholds the client’s rights to autonomy.
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| A nurse working at a nursing home is administering medications. The nurse misreads the medication orders and administers a medication via the intravenous line, rather than via an IM injection. The client sustains permanent injuries and eventually dies. | show 🗑
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| Which of the following is an example of primary prevention in avoiding ingestions and poisoning in children? | show 🗑
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| show | A : There are variations in the drug’s appearance or packaging
Any variation in drugs or packaging may indicate inferior manufacturing or decreased controls. It also may indicate a counterfeit medication.
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| show | witnessing any wasted medication with another registered nurse, ensuring that two nurses check the dosage,
ensuring that two nurses sign the medication record,
assessing the client’s response to the medication
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| Drug abuse can lead to drug addiction and psychologic dependence. With drug addiction, the client: | show 🗑
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| show | A : notify the nursing supervisor
Professional nurses have a responsibility to the safety of the clients and themselves. It is appropriate to notify the nursing supervisor to deal with the situation in the correct manner.
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| show | A : allow the prescribed opiate dose unless drug toxicity occurs
Patients with terminal disease may require large doses of pain medication to manage their pain. The priority in this case is managing the pain, not the potential for addiction.
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| A client enters the emergency department complaining of acute lower right quadrant abdominal pain. It is determined that the client has appendicitis and is scheduled to go to the operating room immediately. The nurse notes on the database.. | show 🗑
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| A spouse of a client asks why her husband seems to drink more when he is depressed. The nurse responds: | show 🗑
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| show | A : “You should not eat or drink during the chewing regimen.”
Option 1 is true. This is sold over-the-counter, does reduce the exposure to carcinogens, and decreases but does not eliminate cravings.
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| A client with a history of long-term alcohol abuse is diagnosed with Wernicke’s encephalopathy. The nurse would plan the client’s care with the knowledge that the client needs to be first treated with: | show 🗑
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| show | A : risk for injury related to disorientation and seizure activity
Risk for injury is the priority because of the safety needs of this client, which take precedence over the other problems
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| show | A : clammy skin, constricted pupils, decreased level of consciousness
these are behaviors characteristic of heroin overdose.
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| show | A : opioid antagonist
Naloxone is a short-acting opioid antagonist given with suspected opioid overmedication.
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| A client with congestive heart failure receives digoxin to slow and strengthen ventricular contraction. He tells a nurse during his health history that he frequently uses cocaine to “deal with all the stress.” | show 🗑
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| Which of the following client statements demonstrates the greatest readiness for smoking or alcohol cessation? | show 🗑
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| show | A : opioids
alcohol
amphetamines
anxiolytics
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| Appropriate labeling on an herbal product may be which of the following? 1. “helps to increase blood flow to heart” 2. “cures multiple sclerosis” 3. “prevents heart disease” 4. “eliminates benign prostatic hypertrophy” | show 🗑
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| Which of the following herbs is U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved as a laxative? 1. balm 2. capsicum 3. hops 4. aloe | show 🗑
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| Which of the following statements is true about saw palmetto? 1. It acts as an astringent. 2. It has antiandrogenic properties. 3. It is used as a flavoring agent. 4. It decreases cholesterol levels. | show 🗑
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| show | A : extract
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| show | A : healthy middle-aged adults
The other three groups are at increased risk.
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| Which of the following herbs may lower seizure threshold if taken with anticonvulsants? 1. evening primrose 2. milk thistle 3. saw palmetto 4. ginkgo biloba | show 🗑
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| show | A : milk thistle
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| The effects of St. John’s wort are expected to manifest in which time frame? 1. 2 to 3 days 2. 2 to 3 weeks 3. 1 to 2 months 4. 3 to 4 months | show 🗑
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| show | A : dong quai
Dong quai is considered effective in relaxing uterine muscle tone.
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| show | A : peppermint
Peppermint is considered effective in calming abdominal and intestinal cramping.
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| A client is receiving chemotherapy to treat a solid organ tumor. The client admits to the nurse that he has been drinking Chinese teas to treat the disease. The appropriate response for the nurse to make is: | show 🗑
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| Which of the following herbs are thought to decrease platelet aggregation? (Select all that apply.) 1. garlic 2. goldenseal 3. ginger 4. ginkgo biloba 5. feverfew 6. ginseng | show 🗑
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| Neonates and infants have a decreased metabolism and excretion of drugs because of immature: 1. lungs and kidneys 2. liver and kidneys 3. spleen and pancreas 4. gastrointestinal tract and kidneys | show 🗑
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| show | A : decreased
Because the gastric pH is more alkaline, less penicillin would be destroyed. Therefore the dose should be decreased.
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| Because the gastric pH is more alkaline, less penicillin would be destroyed. Therefore the dose should be decreased. | show 🗑
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| show | A : increased because of drug metabolism
With a shorter half-life, more of the drug is eliminated quickly. This requires a higher dose of the medication.
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| show | A : decreased
As a result of immature kidney function, drugs are eliminated more slowly, requiring vigilant monitoring for toxicity.
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| Client teaching to family members with children includes: | show 🗑
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| Which of the following routes is the most exact and predictable route through which to administer medications to children? 1. oral 2. rectal 3. intramuscular 4. intravenous | show 🗑
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| show | A : providing age-appropriate explanations
Preschool-age children are beginning to understand more complex concepts. Physical restraint is needed more with infants and toddlers, violent reactions are characteristic of toddlers, and contracts
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| show | A : deltoid
The leg is the optimal site for injection until children have been walking well for 1 year and the gluteal muscle is well developed.
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| show | A : infants have thinner skin, allowing for greater absorption
The thinner epidermis allows for greater absorption of topical medications, increasing the risk for toxicity.
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| show | A : using an oral syringe
The oral syringe provides the greatest accuracy in measuring medications.
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| show | A : The dose is calculated on body weight.
Pediatric medications should be calculated on body weight or body surface area. The other three options are not correct, and adult-based calculations are no longer recommended.
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| show | A : vitamin C
As a water-soluble vitamin, vitamin C is excreted in the urine and does not accumulate.
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| Which of the following vitamins can be toxic if taken in excess amounts over a period of time? 1. vitamins A and B 2. vitamins A and E 3. vitamins B and C 4. vitamins C and D | show 🗑
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| show | A : hair loss and peeling of skin
These are the major symptoms of hypervitaminosis A.
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| show | A : whole-grain cereal and bread
These foods contain the B vitamins.
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| show | A : may cause spinal cord dysfunctions
Preconceptual and prenatal folic acid deficiency has been associated with neural tube defects in the fetus
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| A client is taking large doses of vitamin C. She tells you she heard it prevents and cures colds and is wondering if this is true. You respond: | show 🗑
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| show | A : 4. possible teratogenic effect on the fetus
Iron in large amounts is considered teratogenic.
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| show | A : antacids and food
Antacids and food decrease the ability for iron to be absorbed by the gastric lining. Ascorbic acid enhances absorption.
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| show | A : Keep iron preparations out of reach of children.
Iron is a frequently ingested substance by children because of the pill’s candy-like appearance and the fact that many adults do not take the same precautions with vitamins as meds.
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| In the past few years, the use of zinc has greatly increased. A client is considering taking a zinc preparation. Based on current knowledge, which of the following statements made by the client indicates a need for more teaching? | show 🗑
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| In teaching a client about zinc, the nurse instructs that foods rich in zinc include: 1. meat and eggs 2. fruits 3. cheese 4. milk | show 🗑
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| show | A : chromium
Chromium is thought to assist in controlling blood sugar levels in clients with type 2 diabetes.
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| show | A : selenium
Selenium is thought to have antioxidant qualities. Antioxidants are thought to decrease the risk for some types of cancer.
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| A client is ordered to take iron to treat iron deficiency anemia. Which of the following signs and symptoms would the nurse use to evaluate that this treatment was effective? | show 🗑
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| A nurse is counseling a client taking iron. Which of the following statements is true regarding increasing iron’s absorption in the body? | show 🗑
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| show | A : are on a restricted diet
Patients on a restricted diet often require vitamin therapy.
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| show | A : toxic if taken in excess amounts over a period of time
Fat-soluble vitamins accumulate in the body and may accumulate over time.
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| show | A : Vitamin A
vitamin D
vitamin E
vitamin K
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| show | A : hypo-osmolar
Normal osmolality is 275 to 295 mOsm/kg. This client is therefore hypo-osmolar.
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| show | A : iso-osmolar
To calculate osmolality, use the equation:
2(serum Na concentration) + BUN/3 + glucose level/18
2(142) + 15/3 + 90/18 = 294 mOsm/kg, or iso-osmolality
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| show | A : 305 mOsm/kg
To calculate osmolality, use the equation:
2(serum Na concentration) + BUN/3 + glucose level/18
2 (146) + 24/3 + 90/18 = 305 mOsm/kg
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| A client received 3 L of D5W. With continuous use of 5% dextrose in water, the intravenous (IV) fluids become: 1. isotonic 2. hypotonic 3. hypertonic 4. megatonic | show 🗑
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| A client is ordered to receive lactated Ringer’s solution. This is what type of IV solution? 1. lipid 2. crystalloid 3. colloid 4. blood product | show 🗑
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| A client in severe shock is ordered to receive dextran as a volume expander. This type of fluid is known as a: 1. lipid 2. crystalloid 3. colloid 4. blood product | show 🗑
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| A nurse is calculating a client’s daily fluid needs. The client weighs 85 kg. The daily fluid requirement would be approximately: 1. 1700 ml 2. 2000 ml 3. 2550 ml 4. 3000 ml | show 🗑
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| show | A : hypokalemia
Normal serum K level is 3.5 to 5.3 mEq/L.
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Created by:
kylemeier