Biochemistry of the Immune System 2011
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| What is the immune response? | The collective and coordinated response of the cells and molecules of the immune system to the introduction of foreign substances.
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| What is the physiological function of the immune system? | To defend against infections microbes.
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| What are considered foreign substances? | Microbes, such as bacteria and viruse; macromolecules, such as proteins and polysaccharides; and cells, such as cancer cells, grafts and cells infected by viruses.
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| What is immunology? | The study of immunity, and cellular and molecular events that occur after an organism encounters microbes and other foreign macromolecules.
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| What are the two types of immunity? | Innate and Adaptive
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| What is innate immunity? | Consists of cellular and biochemical defense mechanisms that are in place even before infection; poised to respond rapidly to infections; responds the same way to repeated infections.
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| Innate immunity responds to what foreign substances? | Microbes
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| What are the principle components of innate immunity? | Epithelial barriers, phagocytes, NK cells and complement.
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| What is adaptive immunity? | Consists of immune responses to antigens that are specific molecules; increases in magnitude and defensive capabilities with each successive exposure (memory).
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| Adaptive immunity responds to what foreign substances? | Infectious agents (microbes) and non-microbial substances.
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| What are the two types of adaptive immunity? | Humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity.
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| What are the main components of humoral immunity? | B lymphocytes and antibodies.
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| What are the main components of cell-mediated immunity? | T lymphocytes
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