Agriculture
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show | raising of animals or the growing of crops to obtain food for primary consumption by the farm family or for sale off the farm
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show | allowed humans to become more sedentary and avail themselves of a more reliable source of food.
change from hunting and gathering to planting crops
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show | 1750-1900 used technology provided by the Industrial Revolution to increase production and distribution of products
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show | corresponded with the exponential population growth in world, it involves the use of biotechnology or genetic engineering
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show | area's temperature is affected by it location relative to the nearest large body of water (the further from a large body of water, the more extreme the climate of an area)
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Carl Sauer | show 🗑
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vegetative planting | show 🗑
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seed agriculture | show 🗑
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show | Central America and NW South America
Western Africa
Southeast Asia
all in tropical climes
relatively large populations to provide a workforce to domesticate plants and animals
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show |
first major hearth of vegetative planting
Aztecs, Mayans, Incas
manioc, sweet potato, arrowroot
turkey, llama and alpacas domesticated
diffused northward into US and Canada areas and southward to tip of Patagonia
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Western Africa | show 🗑
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Southeast Asia | show 🗑
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show | Southern Mexico
Northeastern Africa
Northern China
Northeastern India
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show | first major area of seed agriculture
squash, beans, and cotton
diffused into United States, rest of Central America and South America over time
*once Europe learned the importance of cotton the slave trade was fueled for labor
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show | 2nd major hearth of seed agriculture
around present day Ethiopia
coffee
diffused to Western Africa then South America
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Northern China | show 🗑
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Northeastern India | show 🗑
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Importance of Trade Routes | show 🗑
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show | shifting cultivation
crop rotation
pastoral nomadism
intensive subsistence agriculture
intertillage
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show | producing the food needed to survive on a daily basis
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Shifting Cultivation | show 🗑
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slash-and-burn | show 🗑
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show | planting of different types of crops each year to replenish the soil with nutrients
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show | moving animals on a seasonal basis
usually arid climates and lack of precipitation
camels, sheep and goats
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show | intense style of subsistence farming
wet rice is the number-one crop
very time consuming and labor intensive - must be tended daily
Southeast Asia and Afric
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show | clearing of rows in the field through use of hoes, rakes and other manual equipment
machinery is too expensive
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Types of Commercial Farming | show 🗑
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commercial farming | show 🗑
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show | practiced in climate with dry summer and cool, moist winter
grapes, dates and olives
California, southern Austalia
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show | must be done close to market
highly mechanized
California (milk), Wisconsin (cheese), New England through Great Lakes, Midwest, northern Europe including Great Britain
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Mixed Livestock with Crop Rotation | show 🗑
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show | done of fringes of productive land
huge area of land needed
western US, west of Great Plains east of Cali, southern Brazil into Argentina, Austalia some of Asia
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specialized fruit production | show 🗑
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plantation agriculture | show 🗑
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show | rely on periphery countries for raw materials and agricultural products
ex. much of Europe relies on Africa for citrus during winter
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truck farms | show 🗑
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show | farms on which no one resides permanently
migrant workers leave at end of day
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show | increased mechanization of the farming process to increase productivity and profits
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grain farming | show 🗑
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show | wheat, barley, millet
large percentage of world population depends on for survival
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show | certain crops are grown in direct relation to their distance from market
specific agricultural markets and only applies to commercial agriculture
assumes all costs are equaled out
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market-gardening activities | show 🗑
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dairy farming | show 🗑
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show | 3rd zone in Von Thunen's
deliberate adding weight to animals to increase sale price
often use feedlots ( farms that specialize in cattle or hogs - downfall is runoff of waste and contamination of ground water, and smell)
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show | 4th zone in Von Thunen's
wheat, corn, millet other grains
expensive machinery like combines which do work quickly
food chaing
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show | for grain products: grain hauled to producer, who makes a product sold to a wholeseller who sells to grocery story who sells to consumer
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livestock ranching | show 🗑
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show | 6th zone in Von Thunen's
distance to market is not profitable
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show | all land has same soil quality
farmers have = access to transportation
land areas must be physically similar
equal climate and political structure
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5 types of Economic Activities | show 🗑
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Primary Economic Activities | show 🗑
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show | industrial sectors of the economy
factories take raw material and make a product
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Tertiary Economic Activities | show 🗑
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Quaternary Economic Activities | show 🗑
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show | management decisions of society
10-15% of workforce but make decisions concerning trade at govt level an executive level
effect farmers throughout the world
NAFTA
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show | a cooperative whose members were farmers of a small town or village. They sold their product to another party.
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farm crisis | show 🗑
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show | introduction of manmade chemicals and practices to an area.
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show | When land becomes barren and desert-like often due to overgrazing or overuse
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show | farming of fish for sale off the farm
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show | removal of what nature originally produced in an area in order to grow something else.
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show | 1.) climate
2.) economic system of the country
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show | the government often dictates the quantity and type of agricultural products are dictated or required by a government
Ex. China's "noodle line"
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Created by:
Bluerockmonday