Fat soluble vitamins
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Vitamin E is also called | show ๐
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form of vitamin E absorbed by the human body | show ๐
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Vitamin E deficiency in newborns | show ๐
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In children, vitamin D deficiency can result | show ๐
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show | Osteomalacia
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show | maintain levels of calcium and phosphorus in the blood to favor bone mineralization
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show | A, D, E, K
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show | bile & dietary fat
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vitamin A plays role in _____ | show ๐
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Preformed vitamin A compounds= | show ๐
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show | carotenoid
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what has activity of vitamin A? | show ๐
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show | chylomicrons
(then delivered to liver)
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show | retinol
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show | retinol
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show | retinal
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vitamin A form used for modulating gene expression | show ๐
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show | retinal (but no converting back!)
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Carotenoids that are not converted to vitamin A may act as | show ๐
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show | combines with OPSIN to form RHODOPSIN
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rhodopsin function | show ๐
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rhodopsin embedded in ____ cells | show ๐
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show | retinoic acid enters nucleus, binds to specific protein receptors
-RA receptor binds to regulatory region on DNA
--> alters level of mRNA produced
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The genes that are regulated by RA involved in.... | show ๐
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show | insufficient intake of vitamin A, fat, protein or zinc
--> major cause of blindness
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show | liver, fatty fish, fish oils and egg yolks
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Vitamin D is important for..... | show ๐
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blood calcium level drop stimulates.... | show ๐
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actions of vitamin D for bone health | show ๐
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show | genes regulating bone health, immune response, reproductive functions, and skin growth.
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show | premature infants, individuals with fat malabsorption, protein malnutrition, inherited abnormalities in vitamin E metabolism
-newborns w/ low blood tocopherol
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Vitamin K was named for.... | show ๐
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vitamin K forms | show ๐
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show | -phylloquinone in plants (leafy green vegetables)
-menaquinones in fish oil, meats and synthesized by bacteria in the human intestine
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vitamin K functions in body | show ๐
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show | -results in abnormal blood coagulation
-common in newborns (little transfer to fetus by mother, low vitamin K in breast milk)
-infants given vitamin K injection right after birth
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retinoids & cartenoids transportation | show ๐
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show | converted to RETINOL in LIVER
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move retinol from liver to tissues..... | show ๐
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show | โข Enzymes in LIVER add hydroxyl group (-OH) to carbon #25
โข Enzymes in KIDNEY add โOH to carbon #1 โ active vitamin D: 1,25 dehydroxy Vitamin D
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low Vitamin D level --> | show ๐
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show | stimulate PTH increase bone breakdown; stimulates kidney to activate enzymes convert 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 to ACTIVE form; KIDNEY increase calcium retention
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show | โข Active vitamin D binds Vitamin D receptor proteins @ target tissues โ affect gene expression
o Increase blood calcium levels
o Targets= intestinal cells, bone, kidney
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vitamin D deficiency | show ๐
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show | cell membranes, body proteins, DNA, cholesterol
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how vitamin E works as antioxidant | show ๐
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show | โข Little transfer to fetus, breast milk low in vitamin K, and no bacteria in newborn gut (to synthesize vitamin K)
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show | uncontrolled bleeding
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Created by:
kpan