Chem Test 2
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Physical properties | can be observed and measured without changing the kind of matter being studied.
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| Melting point | The temperature at which a solid can change to a liquid; this temperature remains unchanging under constant conditions.
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| Ice melts at _____ degrees Celsius and ______ degrees Fahrenheit. | 0 degrees C, 32 degrees F
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| Boiling point | the temperature at which liquids boil and change states from a liquid to a gas.
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| The boiling point for pure water at sea level is _____ degrees Celsius or ______ degrees Fahrenheit. | 100 degrees C, 212 degrees F
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| Density | a property that describes the relationship between the mass of a material and its volume.
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| Substances that are denser contain more ________ in a given volume. | matter
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| Density is a size _____ physical property, meaning that it does not change no matter how large or small the sample. | independent
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| Physical properties used to help identify a substance | melting point, boiling point, density, and color or absence of color
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| Chemical properties | can be recognized only when substances react or do not react chemically with one another, that is, when they undergo a change in composition.
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| Examples of chemical properties | ability to rust and ability to burn
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| Ability to burn | a chemical property that involves a substance reacting quickly with oxygen to produce light and heat.
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| Ability to rust | a chemical property that involves a substance reacting slowly with oxygen.
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| Physical changes | do not change the composition of a substance, only the physical properties.
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| When a substance changes from one state of matter to another, the ___________ of the substance remains the same. | composition
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| Examples of change in state | melting of ice cream, hardening of melted wax, or evaporating of water from wet clothes.
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| Sublimation | When a substance changes directly from a solid to a gas
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| Deposition | When a substance changes directly from a gas to a solid
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| Dry ice and solid air fresheners are examples of ____________. | sublimation
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| Water vapor forming frost is an example of ___________. | deposition
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| Examples of physical changes | change in state of matter and change in size or shape.
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| Cutting, tearing, dissolving, stretching, or wrinkling are all examples of _______. | change in size or shape
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| Chemical changes | result in the formation of one or more new substances with new chemical and physical properties.
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| Evidence of chemical changes | color change, temperature change, formation of a precipitate, formation of a gas
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| Precipitate | when two solutions are combined and form a solid
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| Substances can be classified as acids, bases or neutral based on their ____ | pH
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| Acids and bases are solutions usually with ______ as the solvent. | water
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| pH scale | a way to measure how acidic or basic a solution is.
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| The pH range of a solution | between 0 and 14.
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| The pH of pure water is ___ | 7
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| Any solution with a pH of 7 is a _______ solution. | neutral
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| The pH of an acidic solution is ____ than 7 | less
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| The lower the pH, the more _______ the solution. | acidic
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| The pH of a basic solution is _______ than 7 | greater
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| The higher the pH, the more _______ the solution. | basic
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| _____ can be identified by their sour taste and by their reaction with some metals. | acids
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| _____ can be identified by their bitter taste and their slippery feel. | bases
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| Acids and bases ___________ each other. | neutralize
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| Indicators | substances that can be used to determine whether a solution is acidic, basic, or neutral.
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| Litmus paper | Has a special dye on it that changes colors in the presence of an acid or base.
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| Blue litmus paper turns red in an ______, and stays blue in a _____. | acid, base
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| Red litmus paper turns blue in a _______, and stays red in an _______. | base, acid
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| Both red and blue litmus paper turn ______ in a solution that is neutral. | violet
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| Phenolphthalein | is used to test for the presence of a base
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| Phenolphthalein is a colorless chemical that turns magenta in a ________, and stays colorless in an ______ or _______ solution. | base, acidic, neutral
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| pH paper | Has a range of colors depending on the pH of the solution; the color of the paper is compared to the chart on the vial to determine the pH.
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Created by:
Ms. Phillips
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