Equilibrium/rxn rate
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| collision theory | atoms, ions, and molecules can react to form products when they have collided, provided that the particles have enough KE
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| reaction properties | particles collide
enough KE
right orientation
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| activation energy | minimum amount of energy particles must have to react
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| activated complex/transition state | arrangement of atoms at peak of activation energy
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| rate | measures the speed of any change that occurs within an interval of time
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| rate equation | x y
Rate=[reactant] [reactant]
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| factors affecting reaction rates | temperature: higher temps = faster rates
concentration: higher concentration = faster rates
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| catalysts | substance that increases rate of reaction without being used up by allowing the reaction to occur at lower temps
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| inhibitor | substance that interferes with the actions of the catalyst; slows reaction
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| reversible reaction | reaction occur simultaneously in both directions
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| equilibrium | forward and reverse reaction occurs at the same rate and the same time
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| le chateliers principle | is stress is applied to a system in equilibrium, the system changes to relieve that stress
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| equilibrium constant(Keq) | ratio of product concentrations to reactant concentrations at equilibrium with each concentration raised to the power equal to their coefficients
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| Keq > 1 | product favored
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| Keq < 1 | reactant favored
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| Keq | used for any reactions
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| Ka | used for acids
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| Kb | used for bases
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| Ksp | solubility product(for things that are dissolving in solutions)
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| Kp | used when pressure is used instead of concentration
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| Kc | used when concentration in used
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| rate laws | expressions relating rate of reaction to concentration of reactants
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| K | specific rate constant
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| [] | molar concentration
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| P and Q | determined experimentally (usually 0, 1, 2)
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| free energy | energy available to do work
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| spontaneous reaction | reaction that occurs naturally and favors formation of products at specific conditions
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| non-spontaneous reaction | reaction that doesn't favor the formation of products at specified conditions
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| entropy | measure of disorder of a system; influences spontaneity of reaction
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| particle size | smaller particles = more surface area = faster rates
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| reactant form products | forward reaction
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| products form reactant | reverse reaction
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