Legislative branch
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| official population count every 10 years | census
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| creating district lines that favor one political party more that another | gerrymandering
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| separate political branches of interest groups that attempt to influence govt and give money to candidates; have something that they want to get done | political action committees
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| formally accused | impeached
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| residents of a Congress member's state or district | constituents
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| law that applies to an action that occurred before the law was passed | ex post facto law
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| to distribute | apportion
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| allows Congress members to send official mail free of charges | franking privilege
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| punishes people who have not been convicted in a court of law | bill of attainder
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| special legal protection for members of Congress | immunity
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| court order requiring police to bring a person accused of a crime to court and to show sufficient reason to keep that person in jail; have to be charged to be in jail | writ of habeas corpus
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| contains two members from each state | Senate
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| consists of House of Rep and the Senate | Congress
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| conducting investigations of agency programs and actions | oversight
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| people acting together to accomplish mutual political goals | interest groups
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| Congress's salary | $174,000
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| each state's _____ usually decides the boundaries of its congressional districts; party in power going to drive decision | Legislature
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| Constitution's framers wanted the _____ to be closer to citizens that the Senate | House
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| Pay increases of members of Congress can't occur until after the next _______ election | Congressional
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| if a representative dies or resigns before his or her term's conclusion, the governor of the rep's state calls a special _____ to fill the seat | election
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| in Davis v Bandemer, the Supreme Court decided that if an extreme case of political ______ is harmful to a political minority, it violates the Constitution | gerrymandering
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| another term for district or state | locality
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| ____ suggests legislation to congress members, supply info about issues, and support legislation favorable to them | interest groups
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| each state is entitled to at least one ___ regardless of its population size | representative
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| congress members receive more than 200 million pieces of _____ each year; most of it destroyed | mail
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| in the 1964 Supreme Court case Wesberry v Sanders, the court decided that ____ with significantly unequal populations must be banned | districts
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| to protect congress member's freedom of speech, no one can ___ them for something they say while doing congressional business | sue
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| ______ investigations usually concern scandals and abuses in govt programs | oversight
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| Framers of the Constitution wanted the ____ to contain people who were wiser and older that members of the House | Senate
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| the size of the ____ is determined by Congress, not Constitution | House
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| Every senator represents his or her entire ____ | state
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| the number of senators | 100
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| ____ was so significant to the framers that it was the first branch of govt they addressed in the constitution | Congress
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| Congress members consider at all times how policies affect their ____ as well as the country as a whole | constituents
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| political scientists have labeled congressional ____ Congress's "neglected function" | oversight
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| members of the house frequently run for an office in the ______ later in their careers | Senate
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| the larger a state's population, the larger its representation in the _____ | house
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| ______ are legal limits on the amount of time a congress member can serve | term limits
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| the leadership of Congress is organized according to the _____ to which members belong | parties
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| the ____ controls the floor debates and has strong influence on the flow of legislation | speaker of the house
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| strong disciplinary measure against a congressperson | centure
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| congressional _____ occur every even numbered year in Nov | elections
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| every congressional ____ forcuses on an area of public policy, such as health or education | committee
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| Committee members with the most ____ often become the chairs of the committees | seniority
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| committees that are concerned with special issues not covered by standing committees; deal with hunger, drugs, small businesses | select committees
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| congresspersons who were not re-elected were eliminated by the 20th amendment | lame ducks
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| some congresspersons have resigned due to the threat of ____ | expulsion
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| a ____ is a majority of members necessary for business to be conducted; 217 for house | Quorum
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| Supreme court ruled in 1995 that neither Congress nor the states can institute term limits for congress members without a constitutional ______ | amendment
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| Congressional Budget Office and the Library of Congress are two _____ that help congress members do their work | agencies
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| voters usually re-elect _____ | incombents
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| proposed legislation | bill
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| committee chairs and presiding officers of Congress always are members of the ____ party | majority
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| each house just has one ____ committee but many authorization committees | appropiations
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| the rules for presidential votes are set by | Constitution
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| in congressional ____, legislation is evaluated by groups that are smaller and more expert on a subject than the house or senate | committees
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| process of deciding the exact language of a bill | markup
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| subcommittees and committee hearings are usually open to the media and ____ | public
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| government acency called _____ watches over the spending of funds appropriated by congress | General Accounting Office
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| an attempt by one or more senators to delay final vote on a bill; only can happen in senate | fillibuster
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| standing committees are divided into smaller, more specialized groups called | subcommittees
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| in the house, bill referral decisions are made by the speaker, and in the senate they are made by _____ | president pro tempore
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| allows the president authority to reject part of spending bill without rejecting the entire bill | line item veto
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| formally removes a congressmen from office | expulision
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| contain members of both senate and house | joint committees
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| those who hold public office | incumbents
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| funds put aside for specific purposes | appropriations
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| political group with the fewest seats in the house of congress | minority party
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| used for a critical bill and every congress member is called on | role call vote
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| current speaker of house | John Boehner
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| deal with broad areas of legislation such as fiance and foreign policy | standing committees
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| president holds bill without signing it; after 10 days and congress not in session | pocket veto
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| giving unnecessary grants and projects from the govt to a congress person's locality | pork barrel spending
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| presiding officer in senate | VP
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| must pass through a number of steps before becoming a law | bill
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| 2 parts of congressional term | sessions
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| lasts two years | congressional term
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