Arrangement of Atoms
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Electromagnetic Radiation | Form of energy that exhibits wavelike behavior as it travels through space
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| Electromagnetic Spectrum | Electromagnetic spectrum
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| Frequency | Number of waves that pass a given point in a specific time, typically one second
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| Visible Light | Spectrum that is used by most organisms to be able to see
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| Velocity of a Wave | Product of wavelength and frequency part of the electromagnetic spectrum that is roughly in the middle
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| Photoelectric Effect | Emission of electrons from a metal when light shines on the metal
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| Quantum | Minimum quantity of energy that can be gained or lost by an atom
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| Planck’s Constant | Fundamental physical constant; h=6.626 × 10-34 J⋅s
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| Photon | Particle of electromagnetic radiation that has zero rest mass and carries a quantum of energy
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| Energy of a Photon | E(photon)=hv
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| Ground State | Lowest energy state of an atom
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| Excited State | State in which an atom has a higher potential energy than it has in its ground state
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| Line-Emission spectrum | Series specific wavelengths of emitted light created when the visible portion of light from excited atoms is shined through a prism
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| Continuous Spectrum | Emission of continuous range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation
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| Bohr Radius | Radius of the s orbital in hydrogen
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| Interference | Waves overlapping that results in a reduction of energy in some areas and an increase of energy in others
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| Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle | “It is impossible to determine simultaneously both the position and velocity of an electron or any other particle”
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| Quantum Theory or Quantum Mechanics | Mathematical description of the wave properties of electrons and and other very small particles
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| Orbital | Three-dimensional region around the nucleus that indicates the probable location of an electron
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| Quantum Numbers | Number that specifies the properties of atomic orbitals and the properties of electrons in orbitals
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| Principle Quantum Number (n) | Quantum number that indicates the main energy level occupied by the electron
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| Angular Momentum Quantum Number (l ) | Quantum number that indicates the shape of the orbital
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| Magnetic Quantum Number (m) | Quantum number that indicates the orientation of an orbital around the nucleus
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| Spin Quantum Number (s) | Spin quantum number (s)
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| Electron Configuration | Arrangement of electrons in an atom
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| Pauli Exclusion Principle | "No two electrons in the same atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers"
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| Hund’s Rule | Orbitals of equal energy are each occupied by one electron before any orbital is occupied by a second electron, and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals must have the same spin
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| Valence Electron | Electron that is available to be lost, gained, or shared in the formation of chemical compounds
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| Inner-Shell electrons | Electron that is not in the highest occupied energy level
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| Highest Occupied level | Electron-containing main energy level with the highest principal quantum number
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| Noble Gas Configuration | Outer main energy level fully occupied, in most cases, by eight electrons
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| S Sublevel or Sub-Orbita | Spherical shaped; only one sublevel is possible per n value
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| P Sublevel or Sub-Orbital | Dumbbell shaped; three sub levels possible per n value (x, y, z axis)
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| F Sublevel or Sub-orbita | More complex shaped; seven sub levels possible per n value
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