Aqueous Vocab
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| Solute | The substance dissolved in a solution.
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| Solvent | The dissolving medium in a solution.
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| Solution | A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in a single phase.
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| Aqueous | A solution in which the solvent is water.
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| Freezing Point depression | the difference between the freezing points of a pure solvent and a solution of a nonelectrolyte in that solve; is directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solution.
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| Boiling Point elevation | The difference between the boiling point of a pure solvent and a nonelectrolyte of that solvent, directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solution
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| Saturated | a solution that contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute
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| Unsaturated | a solution that contains less solute than a saturated solution under the existing conditions
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| Supersaturated | a solution that contains more dissolved solute than a saturated solution contains under the same conditions
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| Distillation | a method of separating mixtures based on differences in their volatilities in a boiling liquid mixture.
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| Filtering | a device (usually a membrane or layer) that is designed to physically block certain objects or substances while letting others through.
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| Chromatography | is the collective term for a set of laboratory techniques for the separation of mixtures.
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| Solubility | the amount of a substance required to form a saturated solution with a specific amount of solvent at a specified temperature.
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| Mixture | a blend of two or more kinds of matter, each of which retains its own identity and properties.
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| Homogeneous | of the same or similar nature of kind
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| Heterogeneous | not the same
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| Suspension | A system in which microscopically visible particles are dispersed throughout a less dense liquid or gas from which they are easily filtered but not easily settled because of system viscocity or molecular interactions.
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| Colloid | A system in which finely divided particles, which are approximately 10 to 10,000 angstroms in size, are dispersed whitin a continuous medium in a manner that prevents them from being filtered easily or settled rapidly.
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| Disassociation | to remove from association
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| Electrolyte | A chemical compuond that ionizes when dissolved or molten to produce an electrically conductive medium.
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| Nonelectrolyte | A substance whose molecules in solution do not dissociate to ion and thus do not conduct an electric current.
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| Precipitate | to cause a solid substance to be separated from a solution.
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| Ionic equation | A chemical equation in which electrolytes are written as dissociated ions.
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| Molecular equation | A Chemical equation in whichinoic compounds are written as natural.
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| Spectator ion | An ion that serves to balance the electrical charges in a reaction environment without participating in product formation
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| Acid | having a ph of less then 7
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| Base | compounds whose aqueous solutions are characterized bya bitter taste, a slippery feel, the ability to turm litmus blue, and the ability to react with acids to form salts
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| Neutralization | A chemical reaction whereby an acid and a base react to form a salt.
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| Oxidation | The combustion of a substance with oxygen
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| Reduction | a decrease in positive valence or an increase in negitive valence by the gaining of electrons
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| Molarity | The molar concentration of a solution, usually expressed as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution
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| Molality | The molar concentration of a solute, usually expressed as the number of moles of solute per 1000 grams of solvent.
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| Dilution | the process of making weaker or less concentrated
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| Titration | The process, operation, or method of determining the concentration of a substance in solution by adding to it a standard reagent of know concentration in carefully measured amounts until a reaction of definite and known proportion is completed, as shown
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| Concentration | The amount of a specified substance in a unit amount of another substance.
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