Chemistry
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| Solute | The substance dissolved in a solution.
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| Solvent | The dissolving medium in a solution.
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| Solution | A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in a single phase.
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| Aqueous | A solution in which the solvent is water.
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| Freezing Point Depression | The difference between the freezing points of a pure solvent and a solution of a nonelectrolyte in that solvent.
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| Boiling Point Elevation | The difference between the boiling point of a pure solvent and a nonelectrolyte of that solvent, directly proportional to the molal concentration of the solution.
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| Saturated | Contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute.
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| Unsaturated | Contains less solute than the satrated solution.
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| Supersaturated | Contains more dissolved solute than a saturated solution contains under the same conditions.
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| Distillation | Method of separating mixtures based on differences in their volatilities in a boiling liquid mixture.
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| Filtering | A membrane or layer that is designed to physically block certain objects or substances while letting others through.
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| Chromatography | Term for a set of laboratory techniques for the separation of mixtures.
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| Solubility | The ability of a substance to dissolve in a solution.
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| Mixture | A blend of two or more kinds of matter, each of which retains its own identity and properties.
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| Homogeneous | Having a uniform composition throughout.
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| Heterogeneous | Not having a uniform composition throughout.
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| Suspension | A mixture in which the particles in the solvent are so large that they settle out unless the mixture is constantly stirred or agitated.
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| Colloid | A mixture consisting of particles that are intermediate in size between those in solutions and suspensions forming mixtures known as colloid dispersions.
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| Disassociation | Partial or complete disruption of the normal integrations of a persons conscious or psychological functioning.
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| Electrolyte | A substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts electric current.
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| Nonelectrolyte | A substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that does not conduct an electric current.
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| Precipitate | A solid that is produced as a result of a chemical reaction in solution and that separates from the solution.
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| Ionic Equation | Chemical equation in which electrolytes are written as dissociated ions.
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| Molecular Equation | Chemical equation written as if all components exist as molecules.
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| Spectator Ion | An ion that does not take part in a chemical reaction and is found in solution both before and after the reaction.
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| Acid | Compounds that contain hydrogen and can dissolve in water to release hydrogen ions into solution.
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| Base | Substances that dissolve in water to release hydroxide into solution.
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| Neutralization | The reaction of hydronium ions and hydroxide ions to form water molecules.
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| Oxidation | A reaction in which the atoms of an element experience an increase in oxidation state.
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| Reduction | A reaction in which the oxidation state of an element decreases.
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| Molarity | The number of moles of solute in one liter of solution.
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| Molality | The concentration of a solution expressed in moles of solute per kilogram of solute.
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| Dilution | Reduction of concentration of an active substance by admixture of a neutral agent.
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| Titration | The controlled addition and measurement of the amount of a solution of known concentration measured amount of a solution of unknown concentrations.
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| Concentration | A measure of the amount of solute in a given amount of solvent or solution.
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