Milady's Standard Professional Barbering 2006
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| acid-balanced waves | perms with a 7.8 to 8.2 pH range that process at room temperature; do not require hair dryer heat
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| alkaline or cold waves | perms that process at room temperature without heat with a pH range between 9.0 and 9.6
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| ammonium thioglycolate (ATG) | main active ingredient or reducing agent in alkaline waves
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| base control | the position of the perm rod in relation to its base secton
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| base cream | protective cream used on the scalp during hair relaxing
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| base direction | angle at which the perm rod is positioned on the head; also the directional patetern in which the hair is wrapped
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| base relaxers | relaxers that require the use of a base or protective cream
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| base sections | subsections of panels into which the hair is divided for rodding; one tool is normally placed on each base section
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| basic perm wrap | rodding pattern in shich all the tools within a panel are directed in the same direction
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| bookend wrap | perm wrap in which an end papter is folded in hald over the hair ends
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| chemical blow-out | combination of a relaxer and hairstyling used to create a vareity of Afro styles
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| chemical hair relaxing | the process of rearranging the basic structure of extremely curly hair into a straightened form
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| chemical texture services | hair services that cause a chemical change that permanently alters the natureal wave pattern of the hair
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| croquignole rodding | rodding from the hair ends to the scalp
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| end wraps | end paper; absorbent papers used to protect and control the ends of the hair during perming services
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| endothermic waves | perm activated by an outside heat source, usually a hood-type dryer
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| exothermic waves | perms that create and exothermic chemical reaction that heats the solution and speeds up processing
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| glyceryl monothioglycolate (GMTG) | main active ingredient in true acid and acid-balanced waves
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| hydroxide relaxers | relaxers with a very highpH, sometimes over 13
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| lanthionization | process by which hydroxide relaxers permanently straighten hair; lanthionization breaks the hair's disulfide bonds during processing and converts them to lanthionine bonds when the relaxer is rinsed from the hair
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| lotion wrap | permanent waving wrapping technique in which the waving solution is applied to the section before rodding
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| neutralization | process of stopping the action of a permanent wave solution and hardening the hair in tis new form by the application of a chemical solution called the neutralizer
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| no-base relaxers | relaxers that do not require application of a protective base
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| permanent waving | a process used to chemically restructure natural hair into a different wave pattern
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| prewrap solution | usually a type of leave-in conditioner that may be applied to the hair prior to permanent waving to equalize porosity
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| reformation curl | a soft-curl permanent; combination of a thio relaxer and thio permanent, whereby the hair is wrapped on perm rods; used to make existing curl larger and looser
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| texturize | a process used to semistraighten extremely curly hair into a more manageable texture and wave patten
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| thio relaxers | relaxers that usually have a pH above 10 and a higher concentration of ammonium thioglycolate than is used in permanent waving
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| true acid waves | perms that have a pH between 4.5 and 7.0 and require heat to speed processing; process more slowly than alkaline waves and do not usually produce as firm a curl
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