terminology
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| concept of radiation protection that states all exposures should be kept “as low as reasonably achievable” | ALARA
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| negative electrode in the x-ray tube | cathode
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| overall darkness or blackness of an image | density
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| keeps electrons suspended in an electron cloud at the cathode and directs them toward the target | focusing cup
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| chemical compounds that are sensitive to radiation or light | silver halide crystals
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| highest voltage of x-ray tube used during an exposure | kilovoltage kVp
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| time between exposure to ionizing radiation and appearance of image | latent period//image
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| one one-thousandth (1/1000) of an ampere; a unit of measurement used to describe the intensity of an electrical current | milliamperage
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| same as primary beam | primary radiation
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| body structures that radiation can easily pass through appear radiolucent dark or black image. Ex. (air spaces, soft, abscesses, tooth decay and dental pulp appear as radiolucent images. | radiolucent
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| a form of secondary radiation that occurs when an x-ray beam has been deflected from its path by interaction with matter | scatter radiation
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| x-radiation that is created when the primary beam interacts with matter | secondary radiation
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| a form of energy that travels in waves | X-ray
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| intraoral technique of exposing dental images where the x-ray beam is directed, perpendicular to an imaginary line which bisects the angle. | bisecting technique
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| appears as clear, unexposed area on a dental radiograph and may occur with a rectangular or round PID | cone-cutting
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| teeth appear to short caused by insufficient vertical angulation or vertical angulation that is too flat | elongation
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| the teeth appear to long, results from excessive vertical angulation | foreshortening
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| process by which electrons are removed from atoms, causing the harmful effects of radiation in humans. | Ionization
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| body structures that radiation does not easily pass through appear radiopaque white or light gray on an image | radiopaque
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| shows the bony and soft tissue areas of the facial profile | cephalometric radiograph
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| electronic signals captured by sensors and displayed on computer monitors | digital image
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