Data & Stats Vocab
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| upper extreme/maximum | the highest value in a data set
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| lower extreme/minimum | the smallest number in a data set
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| histogram | a bar graph that groups data into numerical intervals (groups)
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| dot/Line plot | a visual showing the distribution of data values where each data value is shown as a dot above a number line
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| skewed | when the results appear to favor one side over the other
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| symmetric | when the results appear to be a mirror image (if you fold the graph down the middle, the sides match)
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| box and whisker plot | a visual display of the five-number summary of a set of data, showing the data split into four equal parts
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| intervals | the range of values represented by each bar in a histogram; the data divided into equal increments
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| Five Number Summary | minimum, 1st quartile, median, 3rd quartile, maximum; the values used to create a box and whisker plot
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| third quartile/Q3 | the median of the upper half of a data set (75% of the data is below this point, 25% is above this point)
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| first quartile/Q1 | the median of the lower half of a data set (25% of the data is below this point, 75% is above this point)
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| measures of center | a single number that describes the middle of the data set, including mean, median, and mode.
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| mean | the average of a data set, determined by adding the scores and then dividing by the number of scores
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| median | the middle value in a data set; half the values are above it and half the values are below it
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| mode | the most frequently occurring value(s) in a data set
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| measures of variability | a number that describes how spread out a data set it, including range, interquartile range, and mean absolute deviation
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| mean absolute deviation/MAD | the average distance between each data value and the mean in a data set
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| interquartile range/IQR | the difference between the first and third quartiles in a data set; Q3 - Q1
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| range | the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a data set
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| outlier | a value much greater or much less than the others in a data set
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| quartiles | three values that divide the data into four equal parts
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| statistical question | used to collect data that is numerical (numbers) and has multiple possible answers
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| data set | a collection of measurements or observations
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