Urinary System
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| show | waste
🗑
|
||||
| is a waste substance produced by the body. | show 🗑
|
||||
| are toxic metabolic wastes that contain nitrogen. | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | urea
🗑
|
||||
| show | uric acid
🗑
|
||||
| show | creatine
🗑
|
||||
| show | blood urea nitrogen (bun)
🗑
|
||||
| is an abnormally elevated BUN and may indicate real insufficiency | show 🗑
|
||||
| Artificial removal of nitrogenous wastes from blood requires | show 🗑
|
||||
| is the principal organ of the urinary system | show 🗑
|
||||
| is a fibrous sac that encloses the kidney and protects if from trauma and infection | show 🗑
|
||||
| on the outside, which has extensions called renal columns that project towards the center and divide the inner | show 🗑
|
||||
| into 6-10 renal pyramids. One pyramid and overlying cortex constitute one lobe of the kidney. | show 🗑
|
||||
| Each renal pyramid is joined to a cup called a ______ , which collects its urine | show 🗑
|
||||
| Two or three minor calyces (plural) converge to form a __________ | show 🗑
|
||||
| minor calyx then major calyx which converge again to form the _____ | show 🗑
|
||||
| which is a continuation of the _______ that drains urine down to the urinary bladder | show 🗑
|
||||
| __________ is a slit where the kidney receives renal nerves, blood vessels (J&K) , lymphaticsand ureter | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | nephrons
🗑
|
||||
| show | renal corpuscle
🗑
|
||||
| show | renal tubule
🗑
|
||||
| _______ brings blood into the renal corpuscle where it turns into a mass of capillaries called a ________ | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | glomerular (bowmans) capsule
🗑
|
||||
| The glomerular capsule is composed of an outside layer of simple squamous epithelium (H1) and an inner layer of cells called ______ that wrap around the capillaries | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | glomerular filtrate
🗑
|
||||
| This fluid collects in the _______ where it exits at the renal tubule ( | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | efferent arteriale
🗑
|
||||
| show | renal tubule
🗑
|
||||
| arises from the glomerular capsule and is composed of simple cuboidal epithelium with prominent microvillus (brush boarder). | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | brush boarder
🗑
|
||||
| show | loop of hennle
🗑
|
||||
| loop passes from the cortex into the medulla | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Ascending
🗑
|
||||
| show | Thick segment
🗑
|
||||
| have simple squamous epithelium and are very permeable to water | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | distal convoluted
🗑
|
||||
| show | juxtaglomerular apparatus
🗑
|
||||
| is formed by the joining of distal convoluted tubules of several nephrons. | show 🗑
|
||||
| Although the kidneys account for only 0.4% of the overall body weight, they receive about _____of the blood pumped by the heart per minute (cardiac output). | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | renal artery
🗑
|
||||
| Just before or after entering the hilum, the renal artery divides into a few | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | interiobar arteries, accuate arteries, interlabular arteries
🗑
|
||||
| show | afferent arterioles,
🗑
|
||||
| show | glomerulus
🗑
|
||||
| and then leaves the glomerular capsule as an _____ | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | juxta glomerular apparatus
🗑
|
||||
| The efferent arteriole leads to a plexus of _________ , which pick up the water and solutes reabsorbed by the renal tubules. These capillaries drain into the interlobular veins (G) and so on | show 🗑
|
||||
| The renal medulla is supplied by a network of vessels called the | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Glomerular filtration2.Tubular reabsorption and secretion3.Water conservation
🗑
|
||||
| is the process in which water and some solutes in the blood plasma pass from the capillaries of the glomerulus across a three-layer filtration membraneinto the capsular space of the renal corpuscle | show 🗑
|
||||
| the endothelium of the glomerular capillaries are covered with large filtration pores that are highly permeable to many substances, except red/white blood cells. | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | basement membrane
🗑
|
||||
| show | filtration slits
🗑
|
||||
| show | glomerular filtration rate
🗑
|
||||
| is the volume of filtrate produced for every 1 mmHg of filtration pressure. It depends on the permeability and surface area of the filtration barrier | show 🗑
|
||||
| is the driving pressure that creates the pressure gradient between capillary and renal capsule required for fluid movement | show 🗑
|
||||
| ______ with the renal capsule is dependent on 1) blood pressure, 2) capsular pressure, and 3) osmotic pressure | show 🗑
|
||||
| is the ability of the nephrons to adjust their own blood flow and GFR without external (nervous or hormonal) control. This allows them to maintain a stable GFR in spite changes in arterial blood pressure | show 🗑
|
||||
| occurs when the smooth muscle surrounding the afferent arteriole contracts when stretched via increases in arterial blood pressure | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | vasoconstriction
🗑
|
||||
| show | tubuloglomerular feedback
🗑
|
||||
| show | chemical messengers
🗑
|
||||
| of the renal blood vessels is very complex because an afferent and efferent both exist | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | renin- anglotensin-aldosterone mechanism / renin
🗑
|
||||
| Renininteracts with the plasma protein angiotensinogen causing it to release a chain of amino acids called angiotensin 1which is converted to _______ in the lungs | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Angiotensin 2
🗑
|
||||
| Constricts both the afferent and efferent arterioles to reduce GFR and water loss | show 🗑
|
||||
| Stimulate NaCland water reabsorption (increase blood volume) | show 🗑
|
||||
| Stimulate the adrenal cortex to secrete aldosterone, which promotes sodium and water retention (increase blood volume) | show 🗑
|
||||
| Stimulate the secretion of antidiuretichormone, which promotes water reabsorption (increase blood volume) | show 🗑
|
||||
| Stimulates the sense of thirst and encourages water intake (increase blood volume) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | tubular reabsorbtion
🗑
|
||||
| show | transcellular route
🗑
|
||||
| in which substances pass between the epithelial cells | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | sodium
🗑
|
||||
| -_______ and ______ are co-transported with Na+into the cell | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | hydrogren H+
🗑
|
||||
| -_______________ (not shown) moves follows the movement of Na+because of electrical stimulation | show 🗑
|
||||
| This movement creates an osmotic gradient that drags _______________ with it | show 🗑
|
||||
| most water and solutes are recovered by the blood via two routes | show 🗑
|
||||
| this is a process in which the renal tubule extracts chemicals from the capillary blood and secretes them into the tubular fluid | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Tubular secretion in the PCT:
🗑
|
||||
| show | Tubular secretion in the PCT:
🗑
|
||||
| show | counter current multipler mechanism
🗑
|
||||
| show | Tubular reabsorption/secretion in the Loop of Henleoccurs
🗑
|
||||
| show | Tubular reabsorption/secretion in the Loop of Henleoccurs
🗑
|
||||
| are cells in the DCL and CD that carry receptors for specific hormones that regulate the amount of water and salts reabsorbed | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | aldonsterone
🗑
|
||||
| is secreted by the atrialmyocardium of the heart in response to preload (filling pressure). ANP results in the excretion of more salt and water in the urine, which causes a reduction in blood volume and blood pressure | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | antidiuretic hormone
🗑
|
||||
| is secreted when blood calcium is low, therefore it promotes the reabsorption of calcium | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | ureter
🗑
|
||||
| show | urinary bladder
🗑
|
||||
| Its muscular layer is called the | show 🗑
|
||||
| The openings of the two uretersand the urethra mark a smooth-surfaced triangular area called the ________ on the bladder floor. This is a common site of bladder infection | show 🗑
|
||||
| transfers urine out of the body | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Female urethra
🗑
|
||||
| Internal urethral sphincter is under involuntary control | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Female urethra
🗑
|
||||
| Prostatic urethra –begins at the urinary bladder and pass through the prostate gland | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Male Urethra
🗑
|
||||
| show | Male Urethra
🗑
|
||||
| is the act of urinating and is partially controlled by a spinal micturitionreflex. | show 🗑
|
||||
| is the glandular tissue that forms the urine and can be divided into two zones | show 🗑
|
||||
| urinary system consists of 6 organs | show 🗑
|
||||
| enables a nephron to monitor and stabilize its own performance and compensate for fluctuations in blood pressure | show 🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
aswarts1