Ch 5 Radiation Characteristics
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| In dental radiography, the term ________ is used to describe the mean energy or penetrating ability of the x-ray beam. | Quality
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| What is true of X-rays with longer wavelength? | They have less penetrating power.
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| What is the measurement of force that refers to the potential difference between two electrical charges? | Voltage
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| What happens when the kilovoltage is increased? | Electrons move from the cathode to the anode with more speed.
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| What is the correct voltage that should be used with dental x-ray equipment? | 60 to 70 kilovolts should be used for the production of x-rays.
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| When contrasted with the use of 70 kV for dental x-rays, the use of 60 kV produces | Less penetrating dental x-rays with longer wavelength.
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| The kV represents | the maximum or peak voltage of an alternating current.
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| What happens when kilovolt is increased? | A higher energy x-ray beam with increased penetrating ability results.
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| What is the overall darkness or blackness of a dental image called? | Density
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| What happens when kilovoltage is decreased while other exposure factors remain constant? | The resultant image exhibits a decreased density and appears lighter.
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| When lower kilovoltage settings are used, an image with ____ will result. | High contrast
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| What type of image is useful for the detection of periodontal or periapical disease and has many shades of gray? | An image with “low” contrast
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| How is exposure time measured? | In hundredths of a second.
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| The quantity of the x-rays produced is controlled by | Milliamperage.
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| Amperage regulates the _________ of electrons produced at the cathode filament. | Quantity
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| How would you increase density on a dental radiograph? | An increase in either kV or mA will increase density.
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| How would you increase x-ray beam intensity? | Decreasing the source-to-film distance
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| According to the inverse square law, the intensity of radiation is __________ proportional to the ______________ from the source of radiation. | Inversely; square of the distance
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| According to the inverse square law, if the length of the PID is halved, the resultant beam is ___________ as intense. | Four times
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| Aluminum filters are used to remove _______-energy, ________ wavelength x-rays. | Low; longer
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| What do aluminum filters do? | Reduce the intensity of the x-ray beam.
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| Given that all exposure factors remain the same, according to the inverse square law, how would a 16 inch PID compare with an 8 inch PID? | The beam of the 16 inch PID would be one -quarter as intense
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| What happens to the x-ray beam intensity when kilovoltage, milliamperage, and time increase? | The x-ray beam intensity increases
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| What happens to the x-ray beam intensity when distance and filtration increase? | The intensity of the x-ray beam decreases.
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| If you are looking to adjust a setting that would create better contrast for detecting periodontal disease, what could you do? | Increase the kV from 60 to 70.
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| What machine setting adjustment should you make prior to taking dental images on a larger than average patient? | Increase exposure time.
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