minerals
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| Naturally occurring | Created by nature.
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| Inorganic | Cannot be created using any living thing, only NON-living.
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| Solid | Minerals have a definite volume, and shape
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| Crystal Structure | particles of a mineral lines up in a pattern over and over again
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| Definite chemical composition | A mineral has definite chemical makeup of certain elements.
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| Mohs hardness scale | Identifies hardness from softest to hardest of ten minerals.
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| Color | Easily observed physical property.
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| Streak | The color of the minerals powder is easily observed
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| Luster | Its reflection of light in the minerals surface.
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| Density | How tightly packed the matter is in the mineral.
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| Crystal system | The minerals actual polygon shape, example cube, or hexagon.
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| Cleavage | Mineral breaks along a flat surface, smooth break.
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| Fracture | Mineral breaks in an irregular way, jagged and uneven.
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| How Minerals Form | Most minerals form in two ways: through crystallization of melted materials, and through crystallization of materials dissolved in water.
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| Crystallization through melted materials | form from magma that cools inside the crust or lava that cools on the surface. Magma cools slowly creating large minerals, and lava cools quickly creating small minerals.
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| Minerals in Hot Water Solution | Magma heats water to very high temperatures, when the hot water cools the water and leaves the solution that creates the crystallization.
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| Minerals form when solutions evaporate | Where minerals are found: Many rare and valuable minerals are found in or near volcanic activity and mountain building.
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| Gemstones | Using minerals such as rubies and sapphires for jewelry
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| Metals | Using minerals such as aluminum, iron, copper, and silver, to make other items we use or want.
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| Other Useful Minerals | Example: talc= talcum powder
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| Ores | a rock that contains metal or useful minerals
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| Prospector | someone who looks for ore deposits.
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| Mining | Where ore deposits are mined.
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| Types of mines | A. Strip mines: Equipment scrapes away the earth's surface to find ores B Open Pit mines:Used when ores or on the earth's surface, but at least 100 meters down.
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| C. Shaft mines: are deep in the earth’s surface following the veins of an ore. | D.Smelting: The process that is used after the ore is removed from the mine and the metal is removed from the ore.
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