Civil Rights Flashcards for Period 2 2024's Projects.
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| How old was Katherine Johnson when she started high school | 10
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| “Hidden Figures” | The movie made that represents Katherine Johnson and the development of spaceflight
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| How long did Katherine Johnson work for the U | S
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| Where did Katherine Johnson go to college | West Virginia State College
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| Freedom 7 The spacecraft that put The first U | S
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| Who sued William G | Cooper and the Little Rock School Board
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| Why did John Aaron sue the school board | They wanted to delay Desegregation for 30 days
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| What did the Supreme Court rule | They ruled that Segregation in public schools was unconstitutional
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| What did the ruling show other states | That they couldn’t fight the Supreme Court
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| What did this case end | It ended segregation in Arkansas schools
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| Where did John Forman receive his degree | Cornell University
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| In what city did Forman grow up in | Chicago, Illinois
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| Involved in the expanding Southern civil rights movement | Formans main purpose
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| Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee | an organization he was a part of
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| A speech Forman gave | Black manifesto
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| Sick Tax | A ruling by Judge Homer S Brown stated that a Pittsburgh city tax on hospitals is unconstitutional.
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| NAACP | National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, is a civil rights organization in the United States
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| Pennsylvania state Fair Employment Practices Act | Laws that protect workers from discrimination for race, religion, or national origin
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| Friendly Service Committee | A committee that brown chaired to reduce crime in the Hill City District of Pittsburgh
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| Pittsburgh Package | A package of housing improvements credited to brown in his tenure as judge of allegheny county
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| Patsy Mink | She was the first woman of color to be elected to the U
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| Title IX | It protects people from discrimination based on their sex to be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance
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| Early Childhood Education | Patsy Mink helped fight for early childhood education rights
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| Gender Rights | Patsy Fought for Gender rights after being turned away from jobs during her life due to her gender
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| Affordable Childcare | She fought for affordable childcare for everyone no matter what they looked like
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| Marvin Gaye | An American singer and songwriter, who tackled difficult issues and set new standards for the black music industry
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| Black Music Industry | A specific part of the music industry made specifically for the black community so they are not limited by the modern world/standards
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| “What's Going On” | One of Marvin Gaye’s most popular songs belongs to the album “What's going on”
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| American Soul Music | American Soul is a type of music that incorporates rhythm, blues, and gospel
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| Artist Controlled Music | Songs written by the artist that sings them
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| Congress of racial equality | They were a group who used peaceful and direct action during
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| the civil rights movement | Once even working with Martin Luther king jr
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| Black power movement | The black power movement campaigned for racial pride, more cultural buildings,and a larger acceptance of african culture
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| Freedom Schools | Temporary free school for African American children Originally they were made as a part of the civil rights movements
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| Interstate commerce commission | The commission that oversaw the conduct of the railroad industry
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| Core freedom rides | Bus rides from Washington D
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| Pittsburgh Courier | A very important “black” newspaper in the times of segregation
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| Working Class | People who work jobs, specifically manual or industrial jobs
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| Photographer | A person who takes pictures, for work, for fun, or for educational purposes
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| Civil Rights | The fight made towards justice and equality for African americans in the 1950’s to the 1960’s
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| Who was Charles “teenie” Harris | A photographer born in Pittsburgh who took photos of the working class and shone a new light on African Americans
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| Today I Sing the Blues | Aretha Franklin’s first single
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| What did Aretha die from | Pancreatic cancer
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| When did Aretha have her first child | When she was 12
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| How many children did Aretha have | 4
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| When did Aretha die | August 16, 2018
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| When did the Children’s March take place | May 2, 1963
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| Where did the Children’s March take place | Birmingham Alabama
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| What was the purpose of the March | To demand an end to segregation
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| How did the police respond to the March | They responded in violence
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| About how many attended the march | 1,000-5,000 students
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| The march in Washington that Phillip Randolph led was for what cause | End deployment discrimination
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| When was Phillip Randolph born | April 15th, 1889
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| Where did Phillip go to college | The City College of New York
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| Phillip Randolph was awarded medals for his acts against segregation, how many did he earn | 3
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| Randolph ran what group in 1925 | Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters
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| Billie Holiday | A Jazz singer from the 1930’s
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| What is Billie’s Holiday’s real name | Eleanora Fagan
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| How many grammy awards has Billie won | 5
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| Who did Billie Holiday first sign with | Columbia Records
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| Where was Billie’s Holiday’s debut show | The Apollo Theater
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| What Hall of Fame’s is Billie Holiday in | Rock and Roll and Nesuhi Ertugan Jazz Hall of Fames
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| What is the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church Bombing | 1960’s bombing that was done by the KKK The church was bombed because the main inhabitants were people with colored skin
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| Telegram | A message sent by a telegraph, and then printed and delivered to someone's House
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| KKK | Also called the Ku Klux Klan, they were a white supremacist group Some of the members did terroristic activities, and some would straight up murder
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| MLK | Martin Luther King JR was a major civil rights activist, who fought for the desegregation of African Americans
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| Robert Chambliss | Also known as Dynamite Bob, he was one of the four suspects who got charged for the church bombing He was a white supremacist
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| Ella Fitzgerald | American Jazz singer who is known for her impressive vocal range and her improvised scat singing
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| Norman Granz | Ella Fitzgerald’s manager who was determined to shield his colleagues from discrimination
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| Temperance Fitzgerald | Ella Fitzgerald’s Mother
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| Racial Discrimination | Treating someone negatively because of their race, ethnicity, etc
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| Wrote many novels that showed the life of a black man in segregated America | Ralph Ellison
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| What did Ralph Ellison do | An important writer during the Civil Rights Movement
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| Ralph Ellison's most popular book which won multiple awards | The Invisible Man
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| What were Ralph Ellison’s books about | His view on racism in the U
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| The award The Invisible Man won in 1953 | The National Book Award
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| Which event inspired MLK to pursue his career as a Civil Rights activist | Montgomery Bus Boycott
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| What was the purpose of Brown v | Board of Education
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| Who is famously known for the start of the Montgomery Bus Boycott | Rosa Parks
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| When was segregated transportation ruled unconstitutional | December 20, 1956
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| What group was declared the first African-Americans to attend a High School in Arkansas | “The Little Rock Nine”
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| Who was Herbie Hancock | Herbie Hancock was a jazz musician who became famous through his album “Head Hunters”
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| What instrument did Herbie Hancock play | Herbie hancock played the piano, clavinet, and the synthesizer
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| Jazz | Jazz is a style of music which is usually made up of swung notes or blue notes
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| Synthesizer | The synthesizer is a musical instrument under the electronic instruments family
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| Head Hunters | Head Hunters is the band created by Herbie Hancock
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| What were the Jim Crow Laws | The Jim Crow Laws were created to mandate racial segregation in public facilities and public transportation
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| When were the Jim Crow Laws Created | The Jim Crow Laws were created in the 1870s
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| When were the Jim Crow Laws Abolished | The Jim Crow Laws were abolished in 1964 and 1965 with the Civil Rights Act and The Voting Rights Act
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| What hate group was influenced by the Jim Crow Laws | The Ku Klux Klan
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| Who were the KKK and what did they do | The KKK, created in 1865, was a secret society that terrorized Africans Americans
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| Where was Julian Bond born | Nashville, Tennessee
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| What state was he a House Representative for | Georgia
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| Why did Bond leave politics | After losing to civil rights leader John Lewis
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| What University did he teach at | He taught at several including American University and the University of Virginia
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| Who were the two leaders that insisted the march go forward | A Philip Randolph, King
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| How many people gathered in front of Lincoln Memorial | 250,000 people
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| Who planned the march on Washington | A Philip Randolph
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| Who issued the Fair Employment Practices Commission to investigate racial discrimination charges against defense firms | President Franklin D
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| What year was CORE founded | 1942
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| Who worked with CORE | Martin Luther King Jr
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| What did Core organize | Freedom Rides in the spring of 1961
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| What organization worked with CORE | King’s organization, the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
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| What did CORE support | the boycott of the city's buses
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