7.10 APUSH Vocab
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| At their convention, Democrats chose New York Governor Franklin D. Roosevelt as their presidential nominee. He promised a "New Deal," including the end of Prohibition, support for the unemployed, and government spending reductions. | Franklin Roosevelt
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| The passed and ratified in 1933, shortened the period between presidential election and inauguration by setting the start of each president's term on January 20. Lame Duck Amendment | 20th Amendment
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| providing assistance to those unemployed (relief), revitalizing businesses and the overall economy (recovery), and restructuring American economic institutions (reform). | New Deal
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| A group of university professors who took part in shaping the policies of the First New Deal | Brain Trust
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| On March 12, 1933, Roosevelt initiated the first of his fireside chats on the radio, assuring the American people that the reopened banks were secure | Fireside Chats
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| Under Secretary of the Interior Harold Ickes, funds were allocated to state and local governments for constructing roads, bridges, dams, and public works, generating thousands of jobs. | Public Works Administration
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| employed young men on projects on federal lands and paid their families small monthly sums. | Civilian Conservation Act
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| The TVA, a government corporation, hired thousands in the Tennessee Valley for projects like dams and power plants. It provided affordable electricity to residents, contrasting private power companies. | Tennessee Valley Authority
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| Increased regulation of the banks and limited how banks could invest customers' money. | Glass-Steagall Banking Act
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| It guaranteed individual bank deposits. | Federal Deposit Corporation
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| An attempt to guarantee reasonable profits for business and fair wages and hours for labor. | National Recovery Relief Administration
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| Created to prevent another Wall Street crash, regulates the stock market, imposes limits on speculative practices, and mandates corporate audits for investor protection. | Securities and Exchange
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| he WPA, from 1935 to 1940, spent billions employing 3.4 million people, focusing on construction and supporting artists. The National Youth Administration helped young individuals stay in school or college part-time. | Works Progress Authority
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| Replaced the labor provisions of the National Industrial Recovery Act, after that law was declared unconstitutional. | Wagner Act
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| Created a federal insurance program based upon the automatic collection of payments from employees and employers throughout people's working careers. | Social Security Act
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| A government that regulated economic activity and aided the poor and unemployed in order to provide economic security for everyone. | Limited Welfare State
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| The most dangerous of the depression demagogues was the "Kingfish" from Louisiana, proposing a "Share Our Wealth" program that promised a minimum annual income of $5,000 for every American family, to be paid for by taxing the wealthy. | Huey Long
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| In 1937, Roosevelt proposed a judicial-reorganization bill, aiming to add a justice for each current justice over 70 1/2 years. Dubbed "Court-packing," it faced criticism for its liberal tilt. | Court Reorganization Plan
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| A federation of industrial unions formed in 1935. Led by John L. Lewis focused on organizing unskilled workers and became a major rival to the American Federation of Labor (AFL). | Congress of Industrial Worker
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| A minimum wage, initially fixed at 40 cents an hour, A maximum standard workweek of 40 hours, with extra pay ("time-and-a-half") for overtime, Child labor restrictions on hiring people under 16 years old | Fair Labor Standards Act
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| The writings of the British economist that taught Roosevelt that he had made a mistake in attempting to balance the budget. | John Maynard Keynes:
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| Individuals from Oklahoma and nearby states who migrated westward to California in search of work, often due to their farms being affected by dust and facing health challenges. | Okies
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| wrote about their hardships in his classic study of economic heartbreak, The Grapes of Wrath | John Steinback
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| Created to assist minorities in gaining jobs in defense industries. | Fair Employment Practices Committee
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| Dramatically changed federal policies toward Native Americans. | Indian Reorganization Act
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