astronomy exam 3
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| If we are searching for life that is at least somewhat similar to life on Earth, the most important criterion in identifying a potentially habitable world is ________. | show 🗑
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| Based on current evidence, the elements needed for life are found ________. | show 🗑
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| show | Hydrogen, Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen
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| show | 1/25
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| show | it decreases in proportion to the square of the distance
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| Suppose you were genetically engineering plants that you hoped to grow in a greenhouse on one of Jupiter’s moons. response - correct In this scenario, you would want to engineer these plants to have | show 🗑
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| show | Methanol
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| show | Water is the only one that melts from solid to liquid form as the temperature increases.
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| show | Water remains liquid over a higher and wider range of temperature. The solid (frozen) form of water is less dense than the liquid form. Water molecules have charge separation (are polar).
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| Media reports sometimes say that there is "water on the Moon." What really has been found is strong evidence for | show 🗑
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| show | Venus's atmosphere contains far more carbon dioxide than Earth's.
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| Is there any place where we might find liquid water on Uranus or Neptune? | show 🗑
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| show | Water ice
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| show | They are too cold inside to have liquid water
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| The feature on Mars called __________ is a long, vast network of canyons. | show 🗑
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| The __________ vary in size with the martian seasons. | show 🗑
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| The _________ is a high elevation region dotted with large volcanoes. | show 🗑
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| The feature called __________ is the largest known mountain in the solar system which is also a volcano. | show 🗑
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| show | Northern Plains
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| show | Southern Highlands
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| show | Axis tilt, Mars' varying distance from the sun.
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| Liquid water is unstable on Mars because of the _________. | show 🗑
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| show | The large number of craters in the Southern Highlands
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| Which of the following best explains why scientists conclude that Mars must once have had a much thicker atmosphere and a much stronger greenhouse effect than it does today? | show 🗑
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| The term “Martians” (as opposed to, say, “Venusians” or “Jupiterians”) became nearly synonymous with alien life because | show 🗑
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| show | The canals claimed by Lowell ran in straight lines for great distances.
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| When we say that liquid water is unstable on Mars today, we mean that ________ | show 🗑
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| Why does Mars’s axis swing much more wildly over time than Earth's? | show 🗑
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| show | Seasons become more extreme, which can enhance the atmosphere and greenhouse effect.
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| Which statement about the martian seasons is not true? Responses | show 🗑
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| show | pebble-sized spheres containing the mineral hematite.
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| show |
Orbital photos show a relatively small number of craters on volcanic slopes.
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| Key evidence that Mars may once have had much more water than it does today—perhaps enough to form an ocean—comes from ________ | show 🗑
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| Evidence indicates that Mars’s era of being significantly warmer and wetter ended at least about ________ | show 🗑
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| According to the leading hypothesis, what happened to most of Mars’s ancient atmospheric gas? | show 🗑
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| show | Mars once had a much thicker atmosphere than it does today.
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| show | The structures are too small.
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| Why are robotic landers and rovers sterilized before launch to Mars? | show 🗑
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| If life exists on Mars today, it is most likely to be found _____________ | show 🗑
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| Why is it considered unlikely that martian microbes could infect Earth organisms after being brought back by a future sample return mission? | show 🗑
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| show | terraforming.
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| show | The high probability of contamination of the martian surface by microbes associated with human beings
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| Which statement about synchronous rotation is true? | show 🗑
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| show | They are too small.
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| show | Io is closer to Jupiter.
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| If Europa really has an ocean, life that gets energy through photosynthesis is unlikely in this ocean because________. | show 🗑
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| What are the observable pieces of evidence that Europa has a subsurface ocean? | show 🗑
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| The geological activity of Io and Europa is caused primarily by ________. | show 🗑
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| Scientists think that Ganymede, like Europa, ______ a subsurface ocean of liquid water because __________________________. | show 🗑
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| show | Life seems less likely because these moons have less energy available for life.
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| If Europa really does have geysers on its surface, how might the Europa Clipper mission be able to make use of them to learn whether Europa has life? | show 🗑
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| Which of the following have we found on Titan? | show 🗑
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| Titan shares all of the following geological features with Earth except________. | show 🗑
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| show | Ammonia acting as an antifreeze, heat form radioactive decay, tidal heating.
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| show | Because of its small size.
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| show | Europa, Ganymede, Callisto, Triton, Titan, Enceladus.
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| show | Chemical reactions are likely to occur.
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| The general definition of a redox reaction is a chemical reaction in which ______. | show 🗑
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| Chemical disequilibrium is likely to be present in all the following places except ________________. | show 🗑
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| What describe the features of what we call "The Habitable Zone" around a star? | show 🗑
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| What would happen to Earth if we could somehow move it to Venus's orbit? | show 🗑
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| show | Venus is not in the Sun's habitable zone today, but might have been in the distant past.
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| What best describes current thinking of Mars and the Sun's habitable zone? | show 🗑
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| show | No!
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| show | Stop using fossil fuels, convert out energy to use renewable energy only, find a way to remove carbon dioxide from the atmoshpere.
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| show | Venus's relatively high ration of deuterium to ordinary hydrogen atoms
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| show | too little water vapor.
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| show | More, strengthens.
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| show | Life
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| show | have oceans and an atmosphere much like Earth.
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| The reason that some scientists think that Venus might have had oceans early in its history is that ____. | show 🗑
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| What will happen to the Sun's habitable zone in the future? | show 🗑
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| show | A runaway greenhouse effect, between about 1 to 3 billion years from now.
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| Warmer temperatures allow water vapor to reach higher altitudes. As a result, water vapor is dissociated by UV light and lost to space. | show 🗑
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| show | Runaway greenhouse effect
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| show | Cold atmosphere
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| Beyond this distance, no greenhouse effect can warm the planet enough to keep it from freezing. | show 🗑
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| show | Water would be unstable without enough atmospheric pressure.
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| Global warming refers to _____. | show 🗑
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