History Ch20
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| 1. How the Northwest Ordinance regulated slavery | slavery was illegal in states north of the Ohio River and legal in states south of the Ohio River
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| 2. Northerner arguments in the debate over Missouri statehood | Te ban against slavery should extend across the Mississippi River. Missouri should not be a slave state
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| 3. Southerner arguments in the debate over Missouri statehood | Congress does not have the right to decide if slavery should be allowed in a new state. Te people of that state should decide
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| 4. Why was it important to Southerners to keep an equal number of senators from free states and slave states in Congress | Southerners were outnumbered in the House of Representatives. If the South and North had an equal number of senators, the South would hold onto some power in Congress
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| 5. What was the defeat of the Tallmadge Amendment | it would have made Missouri a free state.
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| 6. What were the three decisions in the Missouri Compromise | * Missouri became a slave state.
* Maine became a free state.
* Congress drew an imaginary line across the Louisiana Territory and declared slavery to be banned north of the line and allowed south of it.
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| 7. John Quincy Adams’s diary entry to explain how he felt about the Missouri Compromise | He decided to support the Missouri Compromise because he believe it was the best solution to create under the Constitution.
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| 8. What was John Quincy Adams’s 1839 antislavery proposal | Adams proposed a constitutional amendment stating that no one could be born into slavery after 1845.
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| 9. What was the gag rule, and how did it affect his proposal | Te gag rule kept Congress from debating slavery for ten years, so Congress refused to consider his proposal.
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| 10. Why did Northerners in Congress accept California’s application for statehood while Southerners rejected it | * Northerners in Congress accepted California's application for statehood
* Southerners rejected it because California had applied as a free state.
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| 11. List four details of Henry Clay’s plan to end the deadlock over the issue of California statehood | * California would be admitted as a free state.
* New Mexico and Utah would be territories open to slavery.
* The slave trade would end in Washington D.C., but slave owners could keep their slaves.
* A strong fugitive slave law would be passed.
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| 12. Why did Dred Scott argue that he should be freed from slavery | Dred Scott's owner had taken him to Wisconsin, a free state. Scott argued that his stay in a state where slavery was outlawed made him free.
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| 13. Choose and explain the two most important decisions that came out of the Supreme Court’s Dred Scott decision | * Slaves were not citizens.
* No African American, slave or free, could become a citizen.
* The Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional.
* Banning slavery in a territory was the same as taking property from slaveholders.
* Congress had a constitutional responsibility to protect the property of slaveholders in territories.
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| 14. Northerner reactions to the Dred Scott decision | This verdict is outrageous and immoral! I will not obey it!
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| 15. Southerner reactions to the Dred Scott decision | The question of slavery is finally settled, and in our favor. No one—especially not Congress—can take our property without just cause
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| 16. Besides helping Stephen Douglas win the 1858 Senate race in Illinois, what were two other results of the Lincoln-Douglas debates | The debates made Abraham Lincoln famous nationwide and brought the moral issue of slavery into sharp focus
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| 17. Why did John Brown attempt to seize the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia | John Brown wanted to arm slaves and begin a rebellion to end slavery
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| 18. What happened in the South in December 20, 1860 | South Carolina seceded
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| 19. What happened in the South in February 1861 | Seven states that have seceded from the Confederate States of America.
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| 20. What did Lincoln state about secession in inaugural address on March 4, 1861 | He appealed to the rebellious Southern states to return in peace.
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| 21. What was Lincoln appeal to the rebellious Southern states | Lincoln stated that secession is wrong and unconstitutional. He appealed to the rebellious Southern states to return in peace.
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| 22. How most Northerners reacted to the events at Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina | “Rebels Attack Fort Sumter! War Will Restore the Union!”
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| 23. Which two people worked together to balance the interests of the North and the South with regard to slavery | Daniel Webster and Henry Clay
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| 24. Fugitive Slave Act Key details | * Captured runaway slaves had almost no legal rights.
* Anyone caught helping runaway slaves could be jailed.
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| 25. How Fugitive Slave Act pulled the Nation Apart | Many Northerners openly defied the law, which angered Southerners.
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| 26. Uncle Tom’s Cabin published Key details | * Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote this novel after having a vision about the abuses of slavery.
* It was first published in a newspaper and later as a novel.
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| 27. How Uncle Tom’s Cabin pulled the Nation Apart | The book made millions of people in the North even more angry about slavery.
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| 28. Kansas-Nebraska Act passed Key details | * Southerners in Congress agreed to support the bill only if a few changes were made to it.
* The act abolished the Missouri Compromise and allowed the settlers to decide whether to allow slavery.
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| 29. How Kansas-Nebraska Act pulled the Nation Apart | Northerners were outraged and feared more territory would be open to slavery.
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| 30. Raid on Lawrence, Kansas Key details | * Pro- and antislavery settlers poured into Kansas to protect their interests in the new territory.
* Proslavery settlers raided and attacked the city of Lawrence, the headquarters of the antislavery movement in Kansas.
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| 31. How Raid on Lawrence, Kansas pulled the Nation Apart | Northerners raised money to send more antislavery settlers into the region.
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| 32. Beating of Senator Sumner key details | * Senator Charles Sumner protested the violence in Kansas in a speech criticizing prominent proslavery leaders.
* A nephew of one of the men he criticized beat Sumner into unconsciousness with a cane.
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| 33. How Beating of Senator Sumner pulled the Nation Apart | Southerners applauded the attack while Northerners were outraged.
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| 34. Missouri Compromise | An agreement made by Congress in 1829 under which Missouri was admitted to the union as a slave state and Main Was admitted as a free state
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| 35. Wilmots Proviso | Proposal made in 1846 to prohibit slavery in the territory added to the United States as a result of the Mexican-American War
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| 36. Compromise of 1850. | The agreements made in order to admit California int the Union as a free state
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| 37. Dred Scott decision | A supreme Court decision in 1857 that held that African Americans could never be citizens of the United States and that the Missouri compromise was unconstitutional
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