Lucas Social Studies
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| In several places where the Neolithic Revolution took place permanent settlements grew into what we call ----- that had systems of government | Civilizations
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| Most of the first civilizations were established in _______ | River Valleys
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| To get that water from its source to the fields people came up with innovated forms of _______ | irrigation
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| You studied four civilizations in this unit including______ in East Asia on the Huang He River | Shang China
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| Haung He River is South Asia is called | Indus River Valley
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| Which civilization is on the Nile | Ancient Egypt
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| Which civilization means "the land between two rivers" and is located in the Middle East between the Tigris and Euphrates River | Mesopotamia
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| What is another civilization between the Tigres and Euphrates River | Babylonia Empire
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| There is a powerful king that made a list of rules that his subjects had to follow and the punishment for not doing so what are those rules called? | Code of Hammurabi
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| What is the oldest record of rules and laws called | lawcode
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| People were treated differently depending on the position in society This shows that civilization had different _____ | social classes
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| hunting and gathering | hunting, fishing and gathering wild food
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| hunter gatherer | someone that relies on hunting and gathering food
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| nomad | travel from place to place (paleolithic)
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| paleolithic | Old Stone Age, period of prehistory from about 2.6 million years ago to around 10000 years ago.Paleolithic humans were mainly hunters and gatherers, following animal herds and finding wild food sourcesThey were nomadic, moving often from place to place.
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| neolithic | New Stone Age) began around 10,000 BC and ended between 4500 and 2000 BC.primarily farmers who invented agriculture.They raised domesticated animals and grew their own crops.
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| agriculture | the art and science of cultivating land for growing crops (farming) or raising livestock (ranching).
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| domestication | adapting wild plants and animals for human use.
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| surplus | more than what is needed or used; excess.
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| demographics | the social characteristics and statistics of a human population.
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| civilization | a complex human SOCIETY, usually made up of different cities, with certain characteristics of cultural and technological development
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| irrigation | the watering of land by artificial means to foster plant growth.
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| sumerians | an ancient civilization founded in the Mesopotamia region of the Fertile Crescent situated between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers
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| ziggurat | Mesopotamian temple tower pyramid structure built in stages with outside staircases and a shrine at the top.
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| cuneiform | oldest forms of WRITING known. It means “wedge-shaped,” because people wrote it using a reed stylus cut to make a wedge-shaped mark on a clay tablet
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| hieroglyphics | a character used in a system of pictorial writing, writing using pictures
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| pyramid | a massive structure built especially in ancient Egypt that usually has a square base and four triangular sides meeting at a point
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| hierarchy | a ranking of positions of authority, often associated with a chain of command and control.
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| patriarchy | social system in which the FATHER or a MALE elder has absolute authority over the family group
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| city-state | an independent city -which has its own government, completely separate from nearby countries
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| theocracy | government of a state by immediate divine guidance or by officials who are regarded as divinely guided.
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| polytheism | the belief in many gods.
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| Neolithic meaning | Meaning Neo=new; Lithic=stone. Neolithic era is also call the New Stone age.
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| Paleolithic meaning | Paleo=old; Lithic=stone. Old Stone age - nomads lived in tribes ,relied on hunting, fishing and gathering wild fruits.Meat was food and animal hide was used for clothes. lived in clans - people in caves, cabins made of branches and animal skin.
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| Neolithic housing | Mud bricks supported by timber
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| Paleolithic housing | caves, huts, skin tents
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| Neolithic lifestyle | stayed in one place. They farmed in permanent settlements and raised/herded animals; agriculture was discovered and became a major source of food; families evolved.
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| Paleolithic lifestyle | Nomadic; in groups of up to 50; tribal society; hunters and gatherers
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| paleolithich tools | Chipped stone, wooden weapons, light stone tools (not sharpened)
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| neolithic tools | polished stone tools made sharper by grinding
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| paleolithic main discovery | Fire; Rough stone tools
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| neolithic main discovery | Agriculture , raising cattle and tools the plow.settle in fertile areas with predictable climate, usually near rivers.Rice and wheat were the first plants they cultivated, and the first animals to be domesticated were dogs, goats, sheep, oxen and horses.
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| paleolithic food | Hunted and gathered for their food supply.
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| neolithic food | They grew crops such as corn, wheat, beans
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