Chem 7L Final
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| %Error | accuracy
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| % RSD | precision
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| accuracy | close to true value
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| precision | reproducibility
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| systematic error | shifts in one direction, accuracy, instrumental, method, personal
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| random error | scattered, precision, both directions
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| gross error | human error
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| n | sample population
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| N | population
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| % RSD < 1 | great precision
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| % RSD 1-3 | good precision
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| % RSD > 3 | low precision
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| sig figs of st. dev. | 1 sig fig unless starting with 1 or 2, can't be more precise than instrument error
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| sig figs for log(x) | sig figs= sig figs after decimal
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| bidentate= | 2 electrons
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| analytical chemistry | analysis of samples
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| analyte | substance of interest
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| Hhq^+ | pH below 5, soluble, doesn't bind
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| hq | pH 5-10, binds, insoluble
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| hq^- | pH>10, soluble and bind, forms by products
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| buffer for experiment 2 | ammonium acetate
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| what does the buffer do in experiment 2 | maintain pH overnight
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| what does HCl do in experiment 2 | raise the pH
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| equivalence point | moles analyte=moles titrant
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| indicator of experiment 3 | phenophathein
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| analyte of experiment 3 | unknown acid
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| endpoint | color change
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| titrant | NaOH
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| ligand in experiment 4 | Oxalate
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| shielding | reduces energy, reduces pull
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| degenerate | s- and p-orbitals have same energy
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| reaction to form Al(hq)3 | acid-base reaction
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| what pH is the experiment performed under and why | 5, protonation stages are soluble, binds, and no by-products
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| why is the spectrophotometry ran at 520 nm | cause green is complementary to red
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| Transmittance | light gone through
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| absorbance | -log(T)
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| what is to spectroscope calibrated with | Hg (Mercury)
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| parallel spin | same spin
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| anti-parallel spin | opposite spin
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| parallel vs anti-parallel spins | energy is lower for parallel spin
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