Lab 12 Physiological Characteristics of Bacteria
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| What is the function of bacterial exoenzymes? | Extracellular degradation of substances so that siimpler compounds can be taken into the cell as nutrient or energy resources
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| Differentiate between anabolism and catabolism | Anabolism- energy driven synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones. Catabolism is the energy-releasing degradatin of complex molecules into simpler ones
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| Differentiate between fermentation and respiration | Fermentation metabolizes sugars in the absence of oxygen. Respiratin utilized oxygen.
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| How are acids or alkalies detected in culture mediums? | By the use of pH indicators
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| Name two tests for reactions that produce acid end products; | Sugar fermentation and fat hydrolysis
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| Name two tests for reactions that produce alkaline end products | Urea hydrolysis, Citrate utilization, proteolysis (litmus milk & kligers iron agar)
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| What types of gases can be produced as a result of sugar fermentation? | Carbon dioxide & hydrogen gas produced by fermentation
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| How are gases detected in fermentation reactions? | In a durham tube as a trapped air bubble or as an air pocket in a stabbged solid medium eg Kligers Iron agar.
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| Name a nonfermentative test in which gas production indicates a positive test result | Catalase test yields oxygen gas
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| The tests for the hydrolysis of starch, casein and triglycerides are similar in terms of setup. How doe the methos for the detection of hydrolysis differ between them? | Casein-shows clear line of hydrolysisStarch Agar- iodine is added to form complexes and reveal clear zones of hydrolysis and Fat Hydrolysis- Spirit Blue agar contains pH indicator that reveals the release of fatty acids (by product of hydrolysis)
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| In addition to the casein hydrolysis test, name two other tests that demonstrate hydrolysis of proteins, or proteolytic digestion | Litmus milk adn alkaline reaction in Kligers iron agar
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| Kligers iron agar and SIM are multiple test media what test do these media have in common? | hydrogen sulfide production
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| What components of the Kligers and SIM media are included for this test? | Cystein, ferrous salts
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| Both Kligers and SIM are stabbed, but for different reasons; | SIM is stabbed to detect motility. Kliglers Iron Agar is stabbed to creat an aerobic environment to test for glucose.
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| What does Kligers Iron Agar test for? | Carbohydrate fermentation and hydrogen sulfide production
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| What does MR-VP broth test for? | 2,3 butanedoil fermentation
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| What does phenol red lactose test for? | carbohydrate fermentation
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| What does SIM Medium test for? | hydrogen sulfide production; tryptophan degradation and motility
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| What does Simmon's citrate agar test for? | Citrate utilization
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| What does skim milk agar test for? | Casein hydrolysis
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| What does spirit blue agar test for? | triglyceride hydrolysis
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| What does tryptone broth test for? | tryptophan degradation
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| Match reagent alpha naphtol w/test | 2,3 butanediol fermentation
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| Match reagent dimethyl-alpha-naphthylamine w/test | nitrate reduction
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| Match reagent ferric chloride w/test | phenylalanine deamination
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| Match reagent Gram's iodine w/test | starch hydrolysis
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| Match reagent hydrogen peroxide w/test | catalase test
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| Match reagent Kovac's reagent w/test | tryptophan degradation
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| Match reagent methyl red with test | mixed-acid fermentation
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| Match reagent NNNN with test | oxidase test
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| Match reagent potassium hydroxide with test | 2,3 butanediol fermentation
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| Match reagent sulfanilic acid w/test | nitrate reduction
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| Match ezyme amylase w/reaction | starch hydrolysis
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| Match cysteine desulfurase w/reaction | hydrogen sulfide production
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| Match lipase w/reaction | triglyceride hydrolysis
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| Match protease w/reaction | gelatin liquefaction, casein hydrolysis
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| Match tryptophanase w/reaction | indole
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| Match urease w/reaction | urea hydrolysis
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| Match product 2.3 butanediol w/ reaction | Voges-Proskauer test
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| Match product ammonia w/reaction | urea hydrolysis
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| Match product fatty acids w/reaction | triglyceride hydrolysis
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| Match product indole w/reaction | tryptophan degradation
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| Match molecular oxygen w/reaction | catalase
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| Match phenylpyruvic acid | phenylalanine deamination
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