102.15 Hair Care
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| texture | degree of coarseness of fineness in the hair fiber
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| fine | feel of silk
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| medium | feel of cotton
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| coarse | feel of wool
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| visual examination | provides clues on the condition of the client's hair
ask client questions to best determine which products will work best
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| density | number of active hair follicles per square inch on the scalp
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| porosity | ability of the hair to absorb moisture, liquids, or chemicals
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| average porosity | cuticle is slightly raised
normal ability to absorb moisture
hair in good condition; suitable for most services
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| resistant porosity | cuticle is flat
able to absorb the least amount of moisture
also called "poor porosity"
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| extreme porosity | cuticle is raised
too porous
hair damaged from chemical services
treatment required prior to chemical services
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| uneven porosity | porosities are mixed
combination of two or more porosities
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| elasticity | ability of hair to stretch and return to its original shape without breaking
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| normal dry hair stretches | 20%
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| wet hair stretches | 40-50%
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| humid regions | curl retention is a challenge
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| dry regions | tends to be flyaway
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| number of cuticle scale layers | 7 to 12
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| scales should lie flat along the | cortex
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| acid mantle lubricates the outermost layer of the cuticle and reduces | friction
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| combing and brushing damages the | cuticle
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| broken hair | abraded hair, abraded cuticle
cuticle becomes cracked and frayed
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| split ends | brittle hair, fragilitis crinium, trichoptilosis
small cracks in cuticle deepen into the cortex
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| nodules | trichorrhexis nodosa, knotted hair
lumps or swelling along hair shaft
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| canities | grayness
grayness or whiteness of hair; congenital or acquired
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| monilethrix | beaded hair
breaks in the hair between beads or nodes
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| matting | plica polonica
mass of hair strands that cannot be separated
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| ringed hair | pili annulati
alternating bands of gray and dark hair
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| hypertrichosis | ambras syndrome
abnormal coverage of hair on areas of the body
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| hirsutism | Superfluous hair
excessive amounts of hair in women
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| damage | results from incorrect use of salon tools
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| scales | disorder
psoriasis
thick, crusty patches of red irritated scalp
refer to physician
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| dandruff | disorder
pityriasis
chronic; excessive flaking, itchiness, tightness, and irritation
shampoo with anti-dandruff shampoo
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| dry dandruff | disorder
pityriasis capitis simplex
dry flakes which can appear translucent
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| greasy or waxy dandruff | disorder
pityriases steatoides
oily flakes combined with sebum; stick to scalp in clusters; yellowish
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| ringworm | disease
tinea
red, circular patch of blisters; caused by vegetable parasite
refer to physician
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| ringworm of the scalp | tinea capitis
englarged open hair folicles surrounded by clusters of red spots
refer to physician
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| honeycomb ringworm | disease
tinea favosa or favus
dry, yellow, encrusted area; may have odor; shiny scars may result
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| itch mite | disorder
scabies
red, watery vesicles; animal parasite burrowing under the skin
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| head lice | disorder
pediculosis capitis
infestation of head lice causing itching and eventual infection
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| lanugo hair | fine, silky hair covering body before birth
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| vellus hair | short, fine, non-pigmented hair that replaces lanugo hair
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| terminal hair | long, thick pigmented hair such as scalp and eyebrow hair
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| average daily hair loss | 40 to 100 strands
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| alopecia | excessive hair loss
caused by fungal or bacterial infection or inflammatory disease of scalp
occurs in both men and women
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| androgenetic alopecia | progressive shrinking, or miniaturization, of certain scalp follicles
most common form of alopecia
male pattern baldness or thinning of hair in females
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| androgenetic alopecia in men | known as male pattern baldness
familiar horseshoe shaped fringe
loss pattern evaluated
common for men to go baldf
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| androgenetic alopecia in women | generalized thinning over the crown
scattered hair thinning
density evaluated
rare for a woman to go bald
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| pattern | refers to shape and location of area
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| density | refers to how much hair is covering the scalp in the area of loss
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| postpartum alopecia | temporary hair loss at conclusion or pregnancy
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| alopecia areata | autoimmune disease; sudden loss of hair in round or irregular patches
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| alopecia areata totalis | total loss of hair on the scalp
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| alopecia areata universalis | loss of hair over entire scalp and body
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| alopecia prematura | baldness that occurs early in life
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| telogen effluvium | premature shedding of hair during the resting stage
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| traction or traumatic alopecia | hair loss from excessive pulling or twisting
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