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Vocabulary

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Term
Definition
Gravity   attractive field force between objects with mass  
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Universal Gravitation   Newton's Law that every object attracts every other object in the universe with a force determined by their masses and their distance  
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Newton's 3rd Law of Motion   forces between two objects are equal in magnitude but opposite in direction  
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Gravitational Constant   (G = 6.67x10^-11) relates the weak force of gravitational attraction between 2 bodies  
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Mass   total matter (stuff) within an object  
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Radius   distance from an object's center  
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Direct   relationship when one variable changes in the same way that another one does, such as gravity and mass  
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Inverse Squared   relationship when one variable changes in the opposite way of another, such as gravity and distance  
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Centripetal Force   unbalanced "center-seeking" net force acting on an object to keep it moving in a circular path  
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Centripetal Acceleration   "center-seeking" acceleration of an object moving along a circular path  
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Tangential Velocity   linear speed of any object moving along a circular path that is perpendicular to the centripetal force and acceleration  
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Path of Motion   either linear (straight) or circular  
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Weight   force pulling down on an object's mass due to gravity (a.k.a. gravitational force)  
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Normal Force   contact force that is perpendicular to the surface supporting an object  
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Tension Force   pulling force transmitted by a string, cable, chain, rope, etc.  
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Friction Force   resistance force parallel to a surface and acts opposite of the direction an object is moving  
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Rule of 1's   helps determine how much a variable changes when you change any other variable(s) by a certain factor  
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Period   time to travel in one complete circle  
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Magnitude   size or amount (number)  
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